वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-84, verse-16

सुग्रीवे स शरान् घोरान् विससर्ज चमूमुखे ।
स्थापयामासा चोद्विग्नान् राक्षसान् संप्रहर्षयन् ॥१६॥

16. sugrīve sa śarān ghorān visasarja camūmukhe ,
sthāpayāmāsā codvignān rākṣasān saṃpraharṣayan.

16. sugrīve saḥ śarān ghorān visasarja camūmukhe ca
udvignān rākṣasān sampraharṣayan sthāpayāmāsā

16. saḥ ghorān śarān sugrīve camūmukhe visasarja ca
udvignān rākṣasān sampraharṣayan sthāpayāmāsā

16. He shot terrible arrows at Sugriva, who was at the forefront of the army, and thereby steadied the agitated demons, greatly encouraging them.

Words meanings summery:

• सुग्रीवे (sugrīve) - The king of the monkeys. (at Sugriva, towards Sugriva)

• सः (saḥ) - Virupaksha (from previous verse) (he, that)

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• घोरान् (ghorān) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

• विससर्ज (visasarja) - shot, released, discharged

• चमूमुखे (camūmukhe) - at the head of the army, in the vanguard

• च (ca) - and

• उद्विग्नान् (udvignān) - agitated, disturbed, anxious

• राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - demons

• सम्प्रहर्षयन् (sampraharṣayan) - greatly gladdening, greatly encouraging

• स्थापयामासा (sthāpayāmāsā) - made to stand, established, steadied, reassured

Words meanings and morphology

सुग्रीवे (sugrīve) - The king of the monkeys. (at Sugriva, towards Sugriva)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (name), 'good-necked'

Note: Locative case used to denote target or aim.

सः (saḥ) - Virupaksha (from previous verse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṝ (class 9)

Note: Object of `visasarja`.

घोरान् (ghorān) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ghora

ghora - terrible, fierce, dreadful, fearful

Note: Qualifies `śarān`.

विससर्ज (visasarja) - shot, released, discharged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of visasarja

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root `sṛj` with prefix `vi`. Reduplicated perfect form.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

चमूमुखे (camūmukhe) - at the head of the army, in the vanguard

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of camūmukha

camūmukha - front of the army, vanguard

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (camū+mukha)

• camū – army, host
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – face, mouth, front, chief
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location where arrows were shot.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `visasarja` with `sthāpayāmāsā`.

उद्विग्नान् (udvignān) - agitated, disturbed, anxious

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of udvigna

udvigna - agitated, disturbed, anxious, scared

Past Passive Participle

From root `vij` with prefix `ud`.

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Qualifies `rākṣasān`.

राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - demons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, rakshasa

Note: Object of `sthāpayāmāsā` and `sampraharṣayan`.

सम्प्रहर्षयन् (sampraharṣayan) - greatly gladdening, greatly encouraging

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sampraharṣayat

sampraharṣayat - greatly gladdening, encouraging, cheering

Present Active Participle (causal)

From causal stem of root `hṛṣ` with prefixes `sam` and `pra`.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Denotes simultaneous action with `sthāpayāmāsā`.

स्थापयामासा (sthāpayāmāsā) - made to stand, established, steadied, reassured

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active (causal), perfect (lit) of sthāpayāmāsā

Causal Perfect, 3rd person singular

Periphrastic perfect of the causal stem of `sthā`. Stems from `sthāpaya` + `āmāsa` (perfect of `as`).

Root: sthā (class 1)