वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-84, verse-19

स तु प्रहाराभिहतः सुग्रीवेण महागजः ।
अपासर्पद्धनुर्मात्रं निषसाद ननाद च ॥१९॥

19. sa tu prahārābhihataḥ sugrīveṇa mahāgajaḥ ,
apāsarpaddhanurmātraṃ niṣasāda nanāda ca.

19. saḥ tu prahārābhihataḥ sugrīveṇa mahāgajaḥ
apāsarpat dhanurmātram niṣasāda nanāda ca

19. saḥ tu sugrīveṇa prahārābhihataḥ mahāgajaḥ
dhanurmātram apāsarpat niṣasāda ca nanāda

19. But that great elephant, struck by Sugriva's blows, retreated a bow's length, sat down, and roared.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• प्रहाराभिहतः (prahārābhihataḥ) - struck by blows

• सुग्रीवेण (sugrīveṇa) - by Sugriva

• महागजः (mahāgajaḥ) - the great elephant

• अपासर्पत् (apāsarpat) - retreated, moved away

• धनुर्मात्रम् (dhanurmātram) - a bow's length, merely a bow

• निषसाद (niṣasāda) - sat down

• ननाद (nanāda) - roared, made a sound

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

प्रहाराभिहतः (prahārābhihataḥ) - struck by blows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahārābhihata

prahārābhihata - struck by blows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prahāra+abhihata)

• prahāra – blow, strike, assault
  noun (masculine)
  From root hṛ (to take) with prefix pra, meaning a blow or strike.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• abhihata – struck, beaten, smitten
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root han (to strike, kill) with the prefix abhi.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: han (class 2)

सुग्रीवेण (sugrīveṇa) - by Sugriva

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

महागजः (mahāgajaḥ) - the great elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāgaja

mahāgaja - great elephant

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+gaja)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)

अपासर्पत् (apāsarpat) - retreated, moved away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of apasṛ

From root sṛ (to go) with prefix apa.

Prefix: apa

Root: sṛ (class 1)

धनुर्मात्रम् (dhanurmātram) - a bow's length, merely a bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanurmātra

dhanurmātra - a bow's length, merely a bow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanus+mātra)

• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• mātra – measure, extent, merely, only
  adjective

Note: Used adverbially to specify the extent of retreat.

निषसाद (niṣasāda) - sat down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of niṣad

From root sad (to sit) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: sad (class 1)

ननाद (nanāda) - roared, made a sound

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of nad

Root: nad (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)