वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-84, verse-14

विरूपाक्षः स्वकं नाम धन्वी विश्राव्य राक्षसः ।
रथादाप्लुत्य दुर्धर्षो गजस्कन्धमुपारुहत् ॥१४॥

14. virūpākṣaḥ svakaṃ nāma dhanvī viśrāvya rākṣasaḥ ,
rathādāplutya durdharṣo gajaskandhamupāruhat.

14. virūpākṣaḥ svakam nāma dhanvī viśrāvya rākṣasaḥ
rathāt āplutya durdharṣaḥ gajaskandham upāruhat

14. durdharṣaḥ rākṣasaḥ dhanvī Virūpākṣaḥ svakam nāma viśrāvya rathāt āplutya gajaskandham upāruhat.

14. The formidable demon archer Virūpākṣa, having proclaimed his name, leaped down from his chariot and mounted the back of an elephant.

Words meanings summery:

• विरूपाक्षः (virūpākṣaḥ) - Virūpākṣa (name)

• स्वकम् (svakam) - his own

• नाम (nāma) - name

• धन्वी (dhanvī) - archer, one who carries a bow

• विश्राव्य (viśrāvya) - having proclaimed, having made known

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - the demon

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• आप्लुत्य (āplutya) - having leaped down/jumped onto

• दुर्धर्षः (durdharṣaḥ) - formidable, irresistible, hard to overcome

• गजस्कन्धम् (gajaskandham) - elephant's shoulder/back

• उपारुहत् (upāruhat) - he ascended, he mounted

Words meanings and morphology

विरूपाक्षः (virūpākṣaḥ) - Virūpākṣa (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virūpākṣa

virūpākṣa - Virūpākṣa (a proper name, lit. 'misformed-eyed' or 'diversely eyed')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (virūpa+akṣi)

• virūpa – deformed, ugly, various forms
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
• akṣi – eye
  noun (neuter)

स्वकम् (svakam) - his own

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svaka

svaka - own, one's own

Note: Adjectival pronoun modifying 'nāma'.

नाम (nāma) - name

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name

Note: Object of the gerund 'viśrāvya'.

धन्वी (dhanvī) - archer, one who carries a bow

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanvin

dhanvin - archer, possessing a bow

agent noun from dhanus (bow)

Note: Appears as an attribute of Virūpākṣa.

विश्राव्य (viśrāvya) - having proclaimed, having made known

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from vi-√śru, causative form + -ya suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Gerund, indicating an action completed before the main verb.

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - the demon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a demon, a giant

Note: Appears as an attribute of Virūpākṣa.

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: Denotes the source from which the leaping occurred.

आप्लुत्य (āplutya) - having leaped down/jumped onto

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from ā-√plu (class 1)

Prefix: ā

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Gerund, indicating an action completed before the main verb.

दुर्धर्षः (durdharṣaḥ) - formidable, irresistible, hard to overcome

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durdharṣa

durdharṣa - irresistible, formidable, hard to assault/overcome

from dur-√dhṛṣ

Prefix: dur

Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Adjective describing Virūpākṣa.

गजस्कन्धम् (gajaskandham) - elephant's shoulder/back

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gajaskandha

gajaskandha - elephant's shoulder, neck (where one rides)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaja+skandha)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• skandha – shoulder, trunk, main body
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the verb 'upāruhat'.

उपारुहत् (upāruhat) - he ascended, he mounted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of upāruhat

imperfect active

imperfect form of upa-√ruh (class 1)

Prefix: upa

Root: ruh (class 1)