वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-75, verse-11

स त्वमर्थस्य हीनार्थो दुरवापस्य केन चित् ।
वचो व्याहृत्य जानीषे कृतार्थो ऽस्मीति दुर्मते ॥११॥

11. sa tvamarthasya hīnārtho duravāpasya kena cit ,
vaco vyāhṛtya jānīṣe kṛtārtho'smīti durmate.

11. saḥ tvam arthasya hīnārthaḥ duravāpasya kena cit
vacaḥ vyāhṛtya jānīṣe kṛtārthaḥ asmi iti durmate

11. durmate saḥ tvam kena cit duravāpasya arthasya
hīnārthaḥ vacaḥ vyāhṛtya "kṛtārthaḥ asmi" iti jānīṣe

11. O foolish one, you, whose objective is difficult for anyone to achieve and is therefore futile, merely by speaking words, believe, 'I have accomplished my goal!'

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अर्थस्य (arthasya) - of the object, of the purpose, of the goal

• हीनार्थः (hīnārthaḥ) - one whose purpose is futile/lost, deprived of purpose

• दुरवापस्य (duravāpasya) - of that which is difficult to obtain/achieve

• केन (kena) - by whom, by what

• चित् (cit) - even, indeed, any

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

• व्याहृत्य (vyāhṛtya) - having uttered, having spoken

• जानीषे (jānīṣe) - you know, you think

• कृतार्थः (kṛtārthaḥ) - one who has accomplished his purpose, successful

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• दुर्मते (durmate) - O Indrajit, you foolish one (O evil-minded one, O foolish one)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Indrajit, in apposition to tvam

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अर्थस्य (arthasya) - of the object, of the purpose, of the goal

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, object, meaning, wealth

Note: Governed by hīnārthaḥ and duravāpasya

हीनार्थः (hīnārthaḥ) - one whose purpose is futile/lost, deprived of purpose

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīnārtha

hīnārtha - one whose object is lost, one whose purpose is vain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hīna+artha)

• hīna – left, abandoned, deficient, lost
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root hā (3rd class) with suffix -ta
  Root: hā (class 3)
• artha – purpose, object, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies tvam

दुरवापस्य (duravāpasya) - of that which is difficult to obtain/achieve

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of duravāpa

duravāpa - difficult to obtain, hard to reach

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Compound of dur (difficult) + ava + āp (to obtain)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+avāpa)

• dur – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• avāpa – obtaining, acquisition
  noun (masculine)
  From ava-āp
  Prefix: ava
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies arthasya

केन (kena) - by whom, by what

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what

Note: Part of indefinite pronoun 'kena cit' (by anyone)

चित् (cit) - even, indeed, any

(indeclinable)

वचः (vacaḥ) - words, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - speech, word, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

व्याहृत्य (vyāhṛtya) - having uttered, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root hṛ (1st class) with prefix vi + ā, suffix -ya (labialized form)

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

जानीषे (jānīṣe) - you know, you think

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

कृतार्थः (kṛtārthaḥ) - one who has accomplished his purpose, successful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtārtha

kṛtārtha - having accomplished one's object, successful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+artha)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (8th class) with suffix -ta
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• artha – purpose, object, meaning
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for asmi

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

दुर्मते (durmate) - O Indrajit, you foolish one (O evil-minded one, O foolish one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of durmati

durmati - evil-minded, foolish

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+mati)

• dur – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• mati – mind, thought, intellect
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies tvam, addressed to Indrajit