वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-5, verse-29

रक्ताञ् श्वेतान् सितांश्चैव हरींश्चैव महाजवान् ।
कुलीनान् रूपसंपन्नान् गजान्परगजारुजान् ॥२९॥

29. raktāñ śvetān sitāṃścaiva harīṃścaiva mahājavān ,
kulīnān rūpasaṃpannān gajānparagajārujān.

29. raktān śvetān sitān ca eva harīn ca eva mahājavān
kulīnān rūpasaṃpannān gajān paragajārujān

29. raktān śvetān sitān ca eva harīn ca eva mahājavān
kulīnān rūpasaṃpannān paragajārujān gajān

29. He saw elephants that were red, white, pale, and tawny, possessing great swiftness, of noble lineage, endowed with beauty, and capable of overpowering enemy elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• रक्तान् (raktān) - red (elephants) (red-colored)

• श्वेतान् (śvetān) - white (elephants) (white, pale)

• सितान् (sitān) - pale (elephants) (white, pale, tied)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, just)

• हरीन् (harīn) - tawny (elephants) (tawny, greenish-yellow, brown)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, just)

• महाजवान् (mahājavān) - possessing great swiftness (of great speed, very swift)

• कुलीनान् (kulīnān) - of noble lineage (of noble family, well-born)

• रूपसंपन्नान् (rūpasaṁpannān) - endowed with beauty (endowed with beauty, possessing form/beauty)

• गजान् (gajān) - elephants

• परगजारुजान् (paragajārujān) - capable of overpowering enemy elephants (afflicting enemy elephants, destroyer of enemy elephants)

Words meanings and morphology

रक्तान् (raktān) - red (elephants) (red-colored)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rakta

rakta - red, dyed red, colored, impassioned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root rañj (to color, dye)

Root: rañj (class 1)

श्वेतान् (śvetān) - white (elephants) (white, pale)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śveta

śveta - white, pale, light-colored

सितान् (sitān) - pale (elephants) (white, pale, tied)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sita

sita - white, pale, tied, bound

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root si (to bind) or associated with light/whiteness

Root: si (class 5)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

हरीन् (harīn) - tawny (elephants) (tawny, greenish-yellow, brown)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hari

hari - tawny, greenish-yellow, brown (often referring to color of horses, lions, monkeys)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

महाजवान् (mahājavān) - possessing great swiftness (of great speed, very swift)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahājāva

mahājāva - very swift, having great speed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+java)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• java – speed, swiftness, vigor
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ju (class 1)

कुलीनान् (kulīnān) - of noble lineage (of noble family, well-born)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kulīna

kulīna - of noble family, well-born, respectable

रूपसंपन्नान् (rūpasaṁpannān) - endowed with beauty (endowed with beauty, possessing form/beauty)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rūpasaṃpanna

rūpasaṁpanna - endowed with beauty, possessing excellent form

Compound type : instrumental tatpuruṣa (rūpa+saṃpanna)

• rūpa – form, shape, beauty, appearance
  noun (neuter)
• saṃpanna – endowed with, accomplished, complete
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from saṃ-pad (to happen, to be furnished with)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pad (class 4)

गजान् (gajān) - elephants

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

परगजारुजान् (paragajārujān) - capable of overpowering enemy elephants (afflicting enemy elephants, destroyer of enemy elephants)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of paragajāruja

paragajāruja - destroying hostile elephants, afflicting enemy elephants

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (paragaja+āruja)

• para – other, enemy, hostile
  adjective
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• āruja – breaking, causing pain, afflicting
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective from root
  From ā-RUJ (to break, to oppress)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ruj (class 6)

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