वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-5, verse-13

महात्मानो महद्वेश्म महारत्नपरिच्छदम् ।
महाजनसमाकीर्णं ददर्श स महाकपिः ॥१३॥

13. mahātmāno mahadveśma mahāratnaparicchadam ,
mahājanasamākīrṇaṃ dadarśa sa mahākapiḥ.

13. mahātmānaḥ mahat veśma mahāratnaparicchadam
mahājanasamākīrṇam dadarśa saḥ mahākapiḥ

13. saḥ mahākapiḥ mahātmānaḥ mahat veśma
mahāratnaparicchadam mahājanasamākīrṇam dadarśa

13. The great monkey (mahākapi) saw noble individuals (mahātmānaḥ), a magnificent palace, richly adorned with great jewels, and bustling with many important people.

Words meanings summery:

• महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - noble individuals (referring to the inhabitants) (great-souled ones, noble individuals)

• महत् (mahat) - magnificent (great, large, important)

• वेश्म (veśma) - palace (house, dwelling, palace)

• महारत्नपरिच्छदम् (mahāratnaparicchadam) - richly adorned with great jewels (adorned/furnished with great jewels)

• महाजनसमाकीर्णम् (mahājanasamākīrṇam) - bustling with many important people (crowded/filled with many people/important people)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw (he saw, he beheld)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• महाकपिः (mahākapiḥ) - the great monkey (Hanuman) (great monkey)

Words meanings and morphology

महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - noble individuals (referring to the inhabitants) (great-souled ones, noble individuals)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, (as noun) a great soul, noble person

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used here loosely as an object of sight, despite nominative case, a common epic usage.

महत् (mahat) - magnificent (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, mighty, excellent

Note: Modifies 'veśma'.

वेश्म (veśma) - palace (house, dwelling, palace)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of veśman

veśman - house, dwelling, abode, palace

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'dadarśa'.

महारत्नपरिच्छदम् (mahāratnaparicchadam) - richly adorned with great jewels (adorned/furnished with great jewels)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahāratnaparicchada

mahāratnaparicchada - adorned with great jewels, furnished with precious stones

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahāratna+paricchada)

• mahāratna – great jewel, precious gem
  noun (neuter)
• paricchada – adornment, equipment, retinue, covering
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from pari + chad (to cover).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'veśma'.

महाजनसमाकीर्णम् (mahājanasamākīrṇam) - bustling with many important people (crowded/filled with many people/important people)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahājanasamākīrṇa

mahājanasamākīrṇa - crowded with many people, filled with important persons

Compound type : instrumental tatpurusha (mahājana+samākīrṇa)

• mahājana – many people, important people, great people
  noun (masculine)
• samākīrṇa – crowded, filled, strewn, mixed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kīr (to scatter) with prefix sam-ā
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: kīr (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'veśma'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw (he saw, he beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated form (dadarśa) of root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Hanuman.

महाकपिः (mahākapiḥ) - the great monkey (Hanuman) (great monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahākapi

mahākapi - great monkey

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+kapi)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'dadarśa'.

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