वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-5, verse-27

रावणस्योपशायिन्यो ददर्श हरिसत्तमः ।
विचरन् हरिशार्दूलो राक्षसीर्विकृतेक्षणाः ।
शूलमुद्गरहस्ताश्च शक्तो तोमरधारिणीः ॥२७॥

27. rāvaṇasyopaśāyinyo dadarśa harisattamaḥ ,
vicaran hariśārdūlo rākṣasīrvikṛtekṣaṇāḥ ,
śūlamudgarahastāśca śakto tomaradhāriṇīḥ.

27. rāvaṇasya upaśāyinīḥ dadarśa
harisattamaḥ vicaran hariśārdūlaḥ
rākṣasīḥ vikṛtekṣaṇāḥ
śūlamudgarahastāḥ ca śaktīḥ tomaradhāriṇīḥ

27. As he wandered, the monkey-tiger (Hanuman), best among monkeys, saw female Rākṣasas lying near Rāvaṇa. They had distorted eyes, held spears and maces in their hands, and bore śakti weapons and javelins.

Words meanings summery:

• रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa

• उपशायिनीः (upaśāyinīḥ) - female Rākṣasas sleeping near (Rāvaṇa) (lying near, sleeping close by (feminine plural))

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he (Hanuman) saw (he saw, he beheld)

• हरिसत्तमः (harisattamaḥ) - Hanuman, the best among monkeys (the best among monkeys)

• विचरन् (vicaran) - wandering (Hanuman) (wandering, moving about)

• हरिशार्दूलः (hariśārdūlaḥ) - Hanuman, who is like a tiger among monkeys (monkey-tiger, a tiger among monkeys)

• राक्षसीः (rākṣasīḥ) - the female Rākṣasa attendants (female Rākṣasas, demonesses)

• विकृतेक्षणाः (vikṛtekṣaṇāḥ) - (Rākṣasīs) with distorted and hideous eyes (having distorted eyes, having fierce eyes)

• शूलमुद्गरहस्ताः (śūlamudgarahastāḥ) - (Rākṣasīs) with spears and maces in their hands (having spears and maces in hand)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• शक्तीः (śaktīḥ) - śakti weapons (spears (śakti weapon), powers)

• तोमरधारिणीः (tomaradhāriṇīḥ) - (Rākṣasīs) carrying javelins (bearing javelins, carrying javelins)

Words meanings and morphology

रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper noun, name of the demon king)

उपशायिनीः (upaśāyinīḥ) - female Rākṣasas sleeping near (Rāvaṇa) (lying near, sleeping close by (feminine plural))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of upaśāyinī

upaśāyinī - lying near, sleeping beside, adjoining (feminine)

present active participle, feminine

From prefix 'upa' + root 'śī' (to lie down, sleep) + suffix 'in' + feminine 'ī'.

Prefix: upa

Root: śī (class 2)

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he (Hanuman) saw (he saw, he beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect form.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हरिसत्तमः (harisattamaḥ) - Hanuman, the best among monkeys (the best among monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harisattama

harisattama - best of monkeys, excellent monkey

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'hari' (monkey) and 'sattama' (best/most excellent).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+sattama)

• hari – monkey, ape, lion
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective
  Superlative suffix 'tamaP'

Note: Subject of 'dadarśa'.

विचरन् (vicaran) - wandering (Hanuman) (wandering, moving about)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicarat

vicarat - wandering, moving about, roaming

present active participle

From prefix 'vi' + root 'car' (to move) + suffix 'śatṛ'.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

हरिशार्दूलः (hariśārdūlaḥ) - Hanuman, who is like a tiger among monkeys (monkey-tiger, a tiger among monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hariśārdūla

hariśārdūla - a tiger among monkeys, best of monkeys (metaphorical)

Karmadhāraya compound 'monkey who is a tiger'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (hari+śārdūla)

• hari – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger, best of its kind
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'dadarśa'.

राक्षसीः (rākṣasīḥ) - the female Rākṣasa attendants (female Rākṣasas, demonesses)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of rākṣasī

rākṣasī - female Rākṣasa, demoness

Feminine form of 'rākṣasa'.

Note: Object of 'dadarśa'.

विकृतेक्षणाः (vikṛtekṣaṇāḥ) - (Rākṣasīs) with distorted and hideous eyes (having distorted eyes, having fierce eyes)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of vikṛtekṣaṇa

vikṛtekṣaṇa - having deformed/distorted/fierce eyes

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vikṛta+īkṣaṇa)

• vikṛta – distorted, deformed, altered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix 'vi' + root 'kṛ' (to make) + suffix 'ta'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• īkṣaṇa – eye, seeing, looking
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'īkṣ' (to see).
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

शूलमुद्गरहस्ताः (śūlamudgarahastāḥ) - (Rākṣasīs) with spears and maces in their hands (having spears and maces in hand)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of śūlamudgarahasta

śūlamudgarahasta - having spears and maces in hand

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śūla+mudgara+hasta)

• śūla – spear, pike, dart
  noun (neuter)
• mudgara – mace, hammer
  noun (masculine)
• hasta – hand, arm
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the list of attributes.

शक्तीः (śaktīḥ) - śakti weapons (spears (śakti weapon), powers)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of śakti

śakti - power, strength, energy, a spear/javelin

From root 'śak' (to be able).

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'rākṣasīḥ' as an implied object of 'bearing'.

तोमरधारिणीः (tomaradhāriṇīḥ) - (Rākṣasīs) carrying javelins (bearing javelins, carrying javelins)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of tomaradhāriṇī

tomaradhāriṇī - bearing a javelin, carrying a lance (feminine)

present active participle, feminine

From 'tomara' + root 'dhṛ' (to bear) + suffix 'in' + feminine 'ī'.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (tomara+dhārin)

• tomara – javelin, lance, dart
  noun (masculine)
• dhārin – bearing, holding, carrying
  adjective
  agent noun/participle
  From root 'dhṛ' (to bear, hold) + 'ini'.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

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