वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-23, verse-3

मत्तः प्रियतरा नूनं वानरेन्द्र मही तव ।
शेषे हि तां परिष्वज्य मां च न प्रतिभाषसे ॥३॥

3. mattaḥ priyatarā nūnaṃ vānarendra mahī tava ,
śeṣe hi tāṃ pariṣvajya māṃ ca na pratibhāṣase.

3. mattaḥ priyatarā nūnam vānarendra mahī tava
śeṣe hi tām pariṣvajya mām ca na pratibhāṣase

3. vānanendra nūnam mattaḥ tava mahī priyatarā
hi tām pariṣvajya śeṣe ca mām na pratibhāṣase

3. O lord of monkeys, surely the earth is dearer to you than I am. Indeed, you lie embracing her, and you do not speak to me.

Words meanings summery:

• मत्तः (mattaḥ) - than me, from me

• प्रियतरा (priyatarā) - dearer, more beloved

• नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

• वाननेन्द्र (vānanendra) - O lord of monkeys, O chief of monkeys

• मही (mahī) - the earth, land

• तव (tava) - your, to you

• शेषे (śeṣe) - you lie, you rest

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

• ताम् (tām) - Refers to the earth ('mahī'). (her)

• परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - embracing, hugging

• माम् (mām) - me

• च (ca) - and

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रतिभाषसे (pratibhāṣase) - you speak to, you answer

Words meanings and morphology

मत्तः (mattaḥ) - than me, from me

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (pronoun)

Note: Used for comparison.

प्रियतरा (priyatarā) - dearer, more beloved

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of priyatara

priyatara - dearer, more beloved, more agreeable

Comparative form of priya (dear) with suffix -tara.

Note: Agrees with 'mahī'.

नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing certainty.

वाननेन्द्र (vānanendra) - O lord of monkeys, O chief of monkeys

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vānanendra

vānanendra - lord of monkeys, chief of monkeys

Compound: vānara (monkey) + indra (lord).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vānara+indra)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra (Vedic deity)
  noun (masculine)

मही (mahī) - the earth, land

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तव (tava) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Possessive or dative of interest.

शेषे (śeṣe) - you lie, you rest

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of śī

Present Indicative

Root śī (2nd class, Ātmanepada), 2nd person singular

Root: śī (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

ताम् (tām) - Refers to the earth ('mahī'). (her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it (pronoun)

Note: Object of 'pariṣvajya'.

परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - embracing, hugging

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root svaj (1st class, Ātmanepada), with prefix 'pari-' and suffix -ya (after prefix).

Prefix: pari

Root: svaj (class 1)

Note: Absolutive.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (pronoun)

Note: Object of 'pratibhāṣase'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

प्रतिभाषसे (pratibhāṣase) - you speak to, you answer

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of bhāṣ

Present Indicative

Root bhāṣ (1st class, Ātmanepada), with prefix 'prati-', 2nd person singular

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)