वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-23, verse-23

बालसूर्योदयतनुं प्रयान्तं यमसादनम् ।
अभिवादय राजानं पितरं पुत्र मानदम् ॥२३॥

23. bālasūryodayatanuṃ prayāntaṃ yamasādanam ,
abhivādaya rājānaṃ pitaraṃ putra mānadam.

23. bālasūryodayatanum prayāntam yamasādanam
abhivādaya rājānam pitaram putra mānadam

23. putra bālasūryodayatanum yamasādanam
prayāntam mānadam pitaram rājānam abhivādaya

23. Son, salute your father, the honorable king, whose body resembles the rising sun, as he departs to the abode of Yama.

Words meanings summery:

• बालसूर्योदयतनुम् (bālasūryodayatanum) - whose body is like the rising sun

• प्रयान्तम् (prayāntam) - going, departing, approaching

• यमसादनम् (yamasādanam) - to the abode of Yama, the realm of the dead

• अभिवादय (abhivādaya) - salute, greet, venerate, show respect to

• राजानम् (rājānam) - the king

• पितरम् (pitaram) - the father

• पुत्र (putra) - O son

• मानदम् (mānadam) - honorable, giver of honor

Words meanings and morphology

बालसूर्योदयतनुम् (bālasūryodayatanum) - whose body is like the rising sun

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bālasūryodayatanu

bālasūryodayatanu - having a body like the rising sun

Compound: 'bāla-sūryodaya' (rising sun) + 'tanu' (body).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bālasūryodaya+tanu)

• bāla – young, child, fresh
  adjective (masculine)
• sūryodaya – sunrise, rising of the sun
  noun (masculine)
• tanu – body, form, person
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies 'rājānam' and 'pitaram'.

प्रयान्तम् (prayāntam) - going, departing, approaching

(nominal form)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prayāt

prayāt - going, departing, proceeding, approaching

Present Active Participle

From 'pra' + root 'yā' (to go)

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'rājānam' and 'pitaram'.

यमसादनम् (yamasādanam) - to the abode of Yama, the realm of the dead

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yamasādana

yamasādana - abode of Yama, realm of the dead

Compound of 'yama' (Yama, god of death) and 'sādana' (abode, dwelling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yama+sādana)

• yama – Yama (god of death), twin, restraint
  proper noun (masculine)
• sādana – seat, abode, dwelling, destroying
  noun (neuter)
  From root sad + ana
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Object of motion for 'prayāntam'.

अभिवादय (abhivādaya) - salute, greet, venerate, show respect to

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of abhivād

Imperative mood, 2nd person singular

From 'abhi' + root 'vad' (to speak), causative form

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Transitive verb, takes accusative objects 'rājānam' and 'pitaram'.

राजानम् (rājānam) - the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'abhivādaya'.

पितरम् (pitaram) - the father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Object of 'abhivādaya'.

पुत्र (putra) - O son

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

मानदम् (mānadam) - honorable, giver of honor

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mānada

mānada - giving honor, respectable, honorable

Compound of 'māna' (honor, respect) and 'da' (giving, bestowing, from root 'dā').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (māna+da)

• māna – honor, respect, pride, measure
  noun (masculine)
• da – giving, bestowing, granting
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root 'dā' (to give)
  Root: dā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājānam' and 'pitaram'.