वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-23, verse-28

या दत्ता देवराजेन तव तुष्टेन संयुगे ।
शातकुम्भमयीं मालां तां ते पश्यामि नेह किम् ॥२८॥

28. yā dattā devarājena tava tuṣṭena saṃyuge ,
śātakumbhamayīṃ mālāṃ tāṃ te paśyāmi neha kim.

28. yā dattā devarājena tava tuṣṭena saṃyuge
śātakumbhamayīm mālām tām te paśyāmi na iha kim

28. devraājena tuṣṭena saṃyuge tava yā śātakumbhamayīm mālām dattā,
tāṃ te iha na paśyāmi kim?

28. Why do I not see here that golden garland of yours which was given to you by the delighted king of gods (Indra) in battle?

Words meanings summery:

• या (yā) - which (feminine singular)

• दत्ता (dattā) - given, presented

• देवराजेन (devarājena) - by Indra, the king of gods (by the king of gods)

• तव (tava) - to you, your

• तुष्टेन (tuṣṭena) - by the pleased one, by the satisfied one

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

• शातकुम्भमयीम् (śātakumbhamayīm) - golden, made of pure gold

• मालाम् (mālām) - garland, wreath

• ताम् (tām) - that (feminine singular)

• ते (te) - your, to you

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see

• न (na) - not, no

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• किम् (kim) - what, why, is it?

Words meanings and morphology

या (yā) - which (feminine singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Refers to mālām

दत्ता (dattā) - given, presented

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of datta

datta - given, presented, granted

Past Passive Participle

From root dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with yā (mālām)

देवराजेन (devarājena) - by Indra, the king of gods (by the king of gods)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of devarāja

devarāja - king of gods, Indra

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+rājan)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Agent of dattā

तव (tava) - to you, your

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive or indirect object

तुष्टेन (tuṣṭena) - by the pleased one, by the satisfied one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tuṣṭa

tuṣṭa - pleased, satisfied, contented

Past Passive Participle

From root tuṣ (to be pleased)

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'devarājena'

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, conflict, war

Root: yuj (class 7)

शातकुम्भमयीम् (śātakumbhamayīm) - golden, made of pure gold

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śātakumbhamayin

śātakumbhamayin - made of pure gold, golden

Suffix -mayin forming adjective of material

Note: Qualifies 'mālām'

मालाम् (mālām) - garland, wreath

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mālā

mālā - garland, wreath, necklace

Note: Object of paśyāmi

ताम् (tām) - that (feminine singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Refers to mālām

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive pronoun

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Tense

Parasmaipada, 1st person singular. Root dṛś takes paśya- stem in present tense.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - what, why, is it?

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an interrogative particle here