वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-23, verse-16

शरेण हृदि लग्नेन गात्रसंस्पर्शने तव ।
वार्यामि त्वां निरीक्षन्ती त्वयि पञ्चत्वमागते ॥१६॥

16. śareṇa hṛdi lagnena gātrasaṃsparśane tava ,
vāryāmi tvāṃ nirīkṣantī tvayi pañcatvamāgate.

16. śareṇa hṛdi lagnena gātrasaṃsparśane tava
vāryāmi tvām nirīkṣantī tvayi pañcatvam āgate

16. śareṇa hṛdi lagnena tvayi pañcatvam āgate,
tvām nirīkṣantī,
tava gātrasaṃsparśane vāryāmi

16. With the arrow lodged in your heart, as you lie in the state of death (pañcatva), I, looking upon you, restrain myself from touching your body.

Words meanings summery:

• शरेण (śareṇa) - by the arrow

• हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

• लग्नेन (lagnena) - stuck, lodged, attached

• गात्रसंस्पर्शने (gātrasaṁsparśane) - in the touching of the body, at the body's contact

• तव (tava) - your

• वार्यामि (vāryāmi) - I restrain, I prevent, I hold back

• त्वाम् (tvām) - Refers to Vāli. (you)

• निरीक्षन्ती (nirīkṣantī) - looking, gazing, beholding

• त्वयि (tvayi) - Refers to Vāli, in the context of 'when you are'. (in you, upon you (as a locative absolute))

• पञ्चत्वम् (pañcatvam) - death (state of five, death, dissolution into five elements)

• आगते (āgate) - having attained (death) (having arrived, having come, having attained)

Words meanings and morphology

शरेण (śareṇa) - by the arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Masculine 'a'-ending noun.

Note: Instrumental case, indicating the agent or means.

हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of hṛd

hṛd - heart, mind, breast

Locative singular form of 'hṛd' (feminine).

Note: Location where the arrow is stuck.

लग्नेन (lagnena) - stuck, lodged, attached

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of lagna

lagna - stuck, attached, fixed, connected

Past Passive Participle

From the root √lag (to stick, adhere).

Root: √lag (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'śareṇa'.

गात्रसंस्पर्शने (gātrasaṁsparśane) - in the touching of the body, at the body's contact

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gātrasaṃsparśana

gātrasaṁsparśana - touching of the body, body contact

Tatpurusha compound of 'gātra' (body) and 'saṃsparśana' (touching, contact).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (gātra+saṃsparśana)

• gātra – body, limb
  noun (neuter)
• saṃsparśana – touching, contact, sensation
  noun (neuter)
  Noun of action
  From the root √spṛś (to touch) with the prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: √spṛś (class 6)

Note: Locative indicating the object or sphere of 'vāryāmi'.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Genitive singular form of 'yuṣmad'.

Note: Possessive pronoun modifying 'gātrasaṃsparśane'.

वार्यामि (vāryāmi) - I restrain, I prevent, I hold back

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vāray

Present Active Indicative

1st person singular, present tense, active voice, from the causative stem 'vāray' (from √vṛ, to choose/prevent).

Root: √vṛ (class 10)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

त्वाम् (tvām) - Refers to Vāli. (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Accusative singular form of 'yuṣmad'.

Note: Direct object of the participle 'nirīkṣantī'.

निरीक्षन्ती (nirīkṣantī) - looking, gazing, beholding

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nirīkṣant

nirīkṣant - looking, observing, gazing

Present Active Participle

Feminine nominative singular of the present active participle from the root √īkṣ (to see, look) with the prefix nir-.

Prefix: nir

Root: √īkṣ (class 1)

त्वयि (tvayi) - Refers to Vāli, in the context of 'when you are'. (in you, upon you (as a locative absolute))

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Locative singular form of 'yuṣmad'.

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'pañcatvam āgate'.

पञ्चत्वम् (pañcatvam) - death (state of five, death, dissolution into five elements)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pañcatva

pañcatva - state of five, fivefold nature, dissolution into five elements (i.e., death)

Tatpurusha compound of 'pañca' (five) and 'tva' (suffix for abstract nouns).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (pañca+tva)

• pañca – five
  numeral
  Indeclinable numeral.
• tva – -ness, -hood (suffix forming abstract nouns)
  suffix (noun) (neuter)
  Primary suffix for abstract nouns.

Note: Object of 'āgate' in the locative absolute construction.

आगते (āgate) - having attained (death) (having arrived, having come, having attained)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, attained

Past Passive Participle

Locative singular masculine form of the past passive participle from the root √gam (to go, come) with the prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tvayi' in the locative absolute construction.