वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-23, verse-2

शेषे त्वं विषमे दुःखमकृत्वा वचनं मम ।
उपलोपचिते वीर सुदुःखे वसुधातले ॥२॥

2. śeṣe tvaṃ viṣame duḥkhamakṛtvā vacanaṃ mama ,
upalopacite vīra suduḥkhe vasudhātale.

2. śeṣe tvam viṣame duḥkham akṛtvā vacanam
mama upalopacite vīra suduḥkhe vasudhātale

2. vīra tvam mama vacanam akṛtvā viṣame suduḥkhe
upalopacite vasudhātale duḥkham śeṣe

2. O hero, you lie miserably in this dangerous and very painful place, on the ground covered with stones, without heeding my command.

Words meanings summery:

• शेषे (śeṣe) - you lie, you rest

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• विषमे (viṣame) - in a difficult, uneven, dangerous place

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - miserably, with sorrow

• अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - without doing, without obeying, without accomplishing

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, command

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• उपलोपचिते (upalopacite) - covered with stones/rocks, filled with pebbles

• वीर (vīra) - O hero

• सुदुःखे (suduḥkhe) - very painful, very miserable

• वसुधातले (vasudhātale) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground

Words meanings and morphology

शेषे (śeṣe) - you lie, you rest

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of śī

Present Indicative

Root śī (2nd class, Ātmanepada), 2nd person singular

Root: śī (class 2)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

विषमे (viṣame) - in a difficult, uneven, dangerous place

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of viṣama

viṣama - uneven, difficult, dangerous, adverse

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'vasudhātale'.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - miserably, with sorrow

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - without doing, without obeying, without accomplishing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root kṛ (8th class, Ubhayapada), with negative prefix 'a-'

Prefix: a

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Negative absolutive.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, word, command, statement

Derived from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'akṛtvā'.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (pronoun)

Note: Possessive.

उपलोपचिते (upalopacite) - covered with stones/rocks, filled with pebbles

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of upalopacita

upalopacita - covered with stones/pebbles

Past Passive Participle

Compound: upala (stone) + upacita (covered). From root ci 'to collect' with upasarga 'upa'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (upala+upacita)

• upala – stone, rock, gem
  noun (masculine)
• upacita – covered, accumulated, filled
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ci (to gather, heap) with prefix upa-
  Prefix: upa
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'vasudhātale'.

वीर (vīra) - O hero

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

सुदुःखे (suduḥkhe) - very painful, very miserable

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of suduḥkha

suduḥkha - very painful, very miserable, extremely sorrowful

Compound: su (prefix for 'very') + duḥkha (pain/misery).

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+duḥkha)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• duḥkha – suffering, misery, sorrow, pain
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'vasudhātale'.

वसुधातले (vasudhātale) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vasudhātala

vasudhātala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : tatpurusha (vasudhā+tala)

• vasudhā – earth
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, plane, bottom
  noun (neuter)

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