वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-69, verse-23

पुत्रैर्दारैश्च भृत्यैश्च स्वगृहे परिवारितः ।
स एको मृष्टमश्नातु यस्यार्यो ऽनुमते गतः ॥२३॥

23. putrairdāraiśca bhṛtyaiśca svagṛhe parivāritaḥ ,
sa eko mṛṣṭamaśnātu yasyāryo'numate gataḥ.

23. putraiḥ dāraiḥ ca bhṛtyaiḥ ca svagṛhe parivāritaḥ
| saḥ ekaḥ mṛṣṭam aśnātu yasya āryaḥ anumate gataḥ

23. saḥ ekaḥ mṛṣṭam aśnātu yasya āryaḥ anumate gataḥ
putraiḥ dāraiḥ ca bhṛtyaiḥ ca svagṛhe parivāritaḥ

23. Surrounded by his sons, wives, and servants in his own house, may he alone consume delicious food—he, by whose consent a noble person has departed.

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by sons, with sons

• दारैः (dāraiḥ) - by wives, with wives

• च (ca) - and, also

• भृत्यैः (bhṛtyaiḥ) - by servants, with servants

• च (ca) - and, also

• स्वगृहे (svagṛhe) - in his own house

• परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

• सः (saḥ) - that person (referring to the one being cursed) (he, that (person))

• एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (emphasizing selfishness) (one, alone, solitary)

• मृष्टम् (mṛṣṭam) - delicious food (delicious, savoury, clean, pure)

• अश्नातु (aśnātu) - may he eat or consume

• यस्य (yasya) - of him by whom (referring to the person cursed) (whose, of whom)

• आर्यः (āryaḥ) - noble person, honorable one, respectable

• अनुमते (anumate) - with consent, with permission, by agreement

• गतः (gataḥ) - departed (gone, departed, reached)

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by sons, with sons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

दारैः (dāraiḥ) - by wives, with wives

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dāra

dāra - wife

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भृत्यैः (bhṛtyaiḥ) - by servants, with servants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhṛtya

bhṛtya - servant, dependent

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from verb root bhṛ (to bear, support)

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

स्वगृहे (svagṛhe) - in his own house

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of svagṛha

svagṛha - one's own house/home

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+gṛha)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• gṛha – house, home
  noun (neuter)

परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivārita

parivārita - surrounded, encompassed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root vṛ (to cover) with prefix pari (around)

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - that person (referring to the one being cursed) (he, that (person))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (emphasizing selfishness) (one, alone, solitary)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, alone, solitary, unique

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

मृष्टम् (mṛṣṭam) - delicious food (delicious, savoury, clean, pure)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mṛṣṭa

mṛṣṭa - delicious, savoury, clean, pure

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root mṛj (to clean, wipe)

Root: mṛj (class 2)

Note: Acts as a noun, 'delicious thing'.

अश्नातु (aśnātu) - may he eat or consume

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of aś

Imperative 3rd singular

Root: aś (class 9)

यस्य (yasya) - of him by whom (referring to the person cursed) (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to the 'saḥ nirghṛṇaḥ'.

आर्यः (āryaḥ) - noble person, honorable one, respectable

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārya

ārya - noble, honorable, respectable person

अनुमते (anumate) - with consent, with permission, by agreement

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of anumati

anumati - consent, permission, agreement

Prefix: anu

Root: man

Note: Locative case indicates 'with respect to' or 'in the matter of', here implying 'with the consent of'.

गतः (gataḥ) - departed (gone, departed, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, understood

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'āryaḥ'.

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