वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-69, verse-19

संश्रुत्य च तपस्विभ्यः सत्रे वै यज्ञदक्षिणाम् ।
तां विप्रलपतां पापं यस्यार्यो ऽनुमते गतः ॥१९॥

19. saṃśrutya ca tapasvibhyaḥ satre vai yajñadakṣiṇām ,
tāṃ vipralapatāṃ pāpaṃ yasyāryo'numate gataḥ.

19. saṃśrutya ca tapasvibhyaḥ satre vai yajñadakṣiṇām
tām vipralapatām pāpam yasya āryaḥ anumate gataḥ

19. ca satre tapasvibhyaḥ yajñadakṣiṇām saṃśrutya
tām vipralapatām pāpam yasya āryaḥ anumate gataḥ

19. And the sin of those who, having promised a sacrificial fee (yajñadakṣiṇā) to ascetics (tapasvin) during a ritual (satra), then deceitfully withhold it—let that sin (pāpa) fall upon the one by whose consent a noble person has departed.

Words meanings summery:

• संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having promised (the fee) (having promised, having agreed, having heard well)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तपस्विभ्यः (tapasvibhyaḥ) - to the ascetics (to the ascetics, to the renunciants)

• सत्रे (satre) - during a ritual (in the sacrifice, in the ritual session)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, truly

• यज्ञदक्षिणाम् (yajñadakṣiṇām) - sacrificial fee/gift

• ताम् (tām) - that (fee) (that, her)

• विप्रलपताम् (vipralapatām) - of those who deceitfully withhold (the promised fee) (of those who cheat, of those who prevaricate/babble away)

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin (incurred by the deceitful persons) (sin, evil, wickedness)

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

• आर्यः (āryaḥ) - a noble person (noble, respected, honorable person)

• अनुमते (anumate) - by consent (of that person) (by consent, with approval, according to the opinion)

• गतः (gataḥ) - departed (from him) (gone, departed, reached)

Words meanings and morphology

संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having promised (the fee) (having promised, having agreed, having heard well)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root śru (to hear) with upasarga sam, plus -tya suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

तपस्विभ्यः (tapasvibhyaḥ) - to the ascetics (to the ascetics, to the renunciants)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, renunciant, one performing austerities (tapas)

Derived from 'tapas' with the possessive suffix '-vin'.

सत्रे (satre) - during a ritual (in the sacrifice, in the ritual session)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of satra

satra - a large and prolonged sacrificial ceremony, ritual session, assembly

Root: sad (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, truly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

यज्ञदक्षिणाम् (yajñadakṣiṇām) - sacrificial fee/gift

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yajñadakṣiṇā

yajñadakṣiṇā - sacrificial fee, remuneration for officiating priests

Compound of 'yajña' and 'dakṣiṇā'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+dakṣiṇā)

• yajña – sacrifice, ritual, worship
  noun (masculine)
  From root yaj (to sacrifice).
  Root: yaj (class 1)
• dakṣiṇā – gift, donation, fee (especially to priests)
  noun (feminine)

ताम् (tām) - that (fee) (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Third person demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'yajñadakṣiṇām'.

विप्रलपताम् (vipralapatām) - of those who deceitfully withhold (the promised fee) (of those who cheat, of those who prevaricate/babble away)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vipralapat

vipralapat - babbling, chattering, deceiving, prevaricating

Present Active Participle

Formed from root lap (to speak) with upasargas vi and pra, plus śatṛ suffix. Used as an adjective, here substantivized (those who...).

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Refers to the people who betray their promise.

पापम् (pāpam) - sin (incurred by the deceitful persons) (sin, evil, wickedness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, wickedness, bad action, demerit

Note: The subject of the implied curse.

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Refers to the person being cursed.

आर्यः (āryaḥ) - a noble person (noble, respected, honorable person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārya

ārya - noble, respectable, honorable, a noble person

From root ṛ (to go) + ya.

Root: ṛ (class 1)

अनुमते (anumate) - by consent (of that person) (by consent, with approval, according to the opinion)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of anumati

anumati - consent, permission, approval, opinion

From anu-man (to agree, approve).

Prefix: anu

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Literally 'in the approval/consent'.

गतः (gataḥ) - departed (from him) (gone, departed, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, understood

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) + kta suffix.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'āryaḥ'.

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