वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-58, verse-33

ततो वैवस्वतं दृष्ट्वा तं प्रवक्ष्यामि भारतीम् ।
क्षमतां धर्मराजो मे बिभृयात् पितरावयम् ॥३३॥

33. tato vaivasvataṃ dṛṣṭvā taṃ pravakṣyāmi bhāratīm ,
kṣamatāṃ dharmarājo me bibhṛyāt pitarāvayam.

33. tataḥ vaivasvatam dṛṣṭvā tam pravakṣyāmi bhāratīm
kṣamatām dharmarājaḥ me bibhṛyāt pitarau ayam

33. tataḥ vaivasvatam dṛṣṭvā tam bhāratīm pravakṣyāmi
dharmarājaḥ me kṣamatām ayam pitarau bibhṛyāt

33. Then, having seen Yama, the son of Vivasvat, I will address him, saying, 'May the King of (natural) law (dharma) be merciful to me. May this (son) sustain his parents (us).'

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there

• वैवस्वतम् (vaivasvatam) - Yama, the son of Vivasvat (Vivasvat's son (Yama))

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• तम् (tam) - him (Yama) (him, that)

• प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will speak, I will declare

• भारतीम् (bhāratīm) - these words, a statement (speech, words)

• क्षमताम् (kṣamatām) - may he be merciful (let him forgive, let him be patient)

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yama, the King of natural law (dharma) (King of natural law (dharma), Yama)

• मे (me) - to me (the speaker) (to me, for me, my)

• बिभृयात् (bibhṛyāt) - may he sustain (may he support, may he maintain)

• पितरौ (pitarau) - his (the son's) parents, meaning us (the speakers) ((his) parents (dual))

• अयम् (ayam) - this (son) (this)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there

(indeclinable)

वैवस्वतम् (vaivasvatam) - Yama, the son of Vivasvat (Vivasvat's son (Yama))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaivasvata

vaivasvata - son of Vivasvat (e.g., Yama, Manu)

derivative of Vivasvat

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root dṛś- with -tvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him (Yama) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Vaivasvata (Yama).

प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will speak, I will declare

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Future tense

1st person singular, active voice

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

भारतीम् (bhāratīm) - these words, a statement (speech, words)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāratī

bhāratī - speech, words, language, Sarasvati (goddess of speech)

Note: Object of pravakṣyāmi.

क्षमताम् (kṣamatām) - may he be merciful (let him forgive, let him be patient)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṣam

Imperative

3rd person singular, active voice, parasmaipada

Root: kṣam (class 1)

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yama, the King of natural law (dharma) (King of natural law (dharma), Yama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - King of natural law (dharma), Yama

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of kṣamatām.

मे (me) - to me (the speaker) (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I

बिभृयात् (bibhṛyāt) - may he sustain (may he support, may he maintain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhṛ

Optative

3rd person singular, active voice

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

पितरौ (pitarau) - his (the son's) parents, meaning us (the speakers) ((his) parents (dual))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, parent

Note: Object of bibhṛyāt.

अयम् (ayam) - this (son) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the son, subject of bibhṛyāt.

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