वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-58, verse-43

स कृत्वा तूदकं तूर्णं तापसः सह भार्यया ।
मामुवाच महातेजाः कृताञ्जलिमुपस्थितम् ॥४३॥

43. sa kṛtvā tūdakaṃ tūrṇaṃ tāpasaḥ saha bhāryayā ,
māmuvāca mahātejāḥ kṛtāñjalimupasthitam.

43. sa kṛtvā tu udakam tūrṇam tāpasaḥ saha bhāryayā
mām uvāca mahātejāḥ kṛtāñjalim upasthitam

43. saḥ mahātejāḥ tāpasaḥ tu bhāryayā saha tūrṇam
udakam kṛtvā kṛtāñjalim upasthitam mām uvāca

43. That greatly resplendent ascetic, accompanied by his wife, quickly performed the water ritual. Then he spoke to me, who stood before him with folded hands.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - the ascetic (referring to the tāpasaḥ) (he, that)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (the water ritual) (having done, having performed)

• तु (tu) - then (indicating a sequence or emphasis) (indeed, but, then)

• उदकम् (udakam) - ritual water offering (water)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• तापसः (tāpasaḥ) - the ascetic (who is speaking) (ascetic, hermit)

• सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

• भार्यया (bhāryayā) - with his wife (by his wife, with his wife)

• माम् (mām) - me (King Daśaratha) (me)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he said, he spoke)

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - the greatly resplendent one (the ascetic) (greatly effulgent, highly resplendent)

• कृताञ्जलिम् (kṛtāñjalim) - (me) who was standing with folded hands (having folded hands (as a gesture of respect), reverent)

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - (me) who was standing present (standing near, present, approached)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - the ascetic (referring to the tāpasaḥ) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: nominative masculine singular of 'tad'

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (the water ritual) (having done, having performed)

(indeclinable)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: absolutive (gerund) of verb 'kṛ'

तु (tu) - then (indicating a sequence or emphasis) (indeed, but, then)

(indeclinable)

उदकम् (udakam) - ritual water offering (water)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udaka

udaka - water

Note: accusative singular of 'udaka'

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

derived from root 'tvar' (to hasten)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage.

तापसः (tāpasaḥ) - the ascetic (who is speaking) (ascetic, hermit)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tāpasa

tāpasa - ascetic, hermit

derived from 'tapas'

Note: nominative singular of 'tāpasa'

सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition governing instrumental case.

भार्यया (bhāryayā) - with his wife (by his wife, with his wife)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife

Gerundive

Derived from root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support) with suffix -ya; literally 'she who is to be supported/maintained'

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: instrumental singular of 'bhāryā'

माम् (mām) - me (King Daśaratha) (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: accusative singular of 'aham'

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Perfect 3rd singular active of 'vac'

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - the greatly resplendent one (the ascetic) (greatly effulgent, highly resplendent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - greatly effulgent, highly resplendent, powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, spiritual power
  noun (neuter)

Note: nominative singular masculine of 'mahātejas'

कृताञ्जलिम् (kṛtāñjalim) - (me) who was standing with folded hands (having folded hands (as a gesture of respect), reverent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - one who has made an añjali (folded hands)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'kṛ'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – the hollow of the hands, a gesture of reverence
  noun (masculine)

Note: accusative singular masculine, referring to 'mām'

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - (me) who was standing present (standing near, present, approached)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - standing near, present, approached

Past Passive Participle

from verb 'upasthā' (upa + sthā)

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: accusative singular masculine, referring to 'mām'