वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-58, verse-9

मुनिमव्यक्तया वाचा तमहं सज्जमानया ।
हीनव्यञ्जनया प्रेक्ष्य भीतो भीत इवाब्रुवम् ॥९॥

9. munimavyaktayā vācā tamahaṃ sajjamānayā ,
hīnavyañjanayā prekṣya bhīto bhīta ivābruvam.

9. munim avyaktayā vācā tam aham sajjamānayā
hīnavyajjanayā prekṣya bhītaḥ bhītaḥ iva abruvam

9. aham tam munim prekṣya bhītaḥ iva bhītaḥ
avyaktayā sajjamānayā hīnavyajjanayā vācā abruvam

9. When I saw that sage, I, being terrified as if truly afraid, spoke to him with a voice that was indistinct, faltering, and lacked clear articulation.

Words meanings summery:

• मुनिम् (munim) - the sage (sage, ascetic, silent one)

• अव्यक्तया (avyaktayā) - indistinct (indistinct, unmanifested, not clear)

• वाचा (vācā) - with voice (by voice, with speech)

• तम् (tam) - him (the sage) (him, that)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• सज्जमानया (sajjamānayā) - faltering (voice) (faltering, clinging, delaying)

• हीनव्यज्जनया (hīnavyajjanayā) - lacking clear articulation (with defective/incomplete articulation)

• प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen (having seen, having observed)

• भीतः (bhītaḥ) - afraid (afraid, terrified)

• भीतः (bhītaḥ) - terrified (for emphasis, "as if truly terrified") (afraid, terrified)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

• अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I spoke (I spoke, I said)

Words meanings and morphology

मुनिम् (munim) - the sage (sage, ascetic, silent one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, hermit, silent one

Note: Object of 'prekṣya'.

अव्यक्तया (avyaktayā) - indistinct (indistinct, unmanifested, not clear)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of avyakta

avyakta - unmanifested, indistinct, imperceptible, primordial (nature)

Negative prefix 'a' + 'vyakta' (manifested, clear)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+vyakta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• vyakta – manifested, clear, distinct
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root añj- (to anoint, make clear) with upasarga vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'vācā'.

वाचा (vācā) - with voice (by voice, with speech)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - voice, speech, word

Note: Instrument of 'abruvam'.

तम् (tam) - him (the sage) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'munim', object of 'prekṣya'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of 'abruvam'.

सज्जमानया (sajjamānayā) - faltering (voice) (faltering, clinging, delaying)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sajjamāna

sajjamāna - clinging, faltering, delaying, hesitating

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root sajj- (to cling, adhere)

Root: sajj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vācā'.

हीनव्यज्जनया (hīnavyajjanayā) - lacking clear articulation (with defective/incomplete articulation)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of hīnavyajjana

hīnavyajjana - with defective articulation, incomplete sound/letter

Compound 'hīna' (deficient) + 'vyañjana' (articulation, letter)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hīna+vyañjana)

• hīna – deficient, lacking, abandoned
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root hā- (to abandon)
  Root: hā (class 3)
• vyañjana – manifestation, articulation, consonant, mark
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root añj- (to anoint, make clear) with upasarga vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'vācā'.

प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen (having seen, having observed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root īkṣ- (to see) with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Indicates action prior to 'abruvam'.

भीतः (bhītaḥ) - afraid (afraid, terrified)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīta

bhīta - frightened, afraid, terrified

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhī- (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'aham'.

भीतः (bhītaḥ) - terrified (for emphasis, "as if truly terrified") (afraid, terrified)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīta

bhīta - frightened, afraid, terrified

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhī- (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Repeated for emphasis, part of a comparison 'bhīta iva bhītaḥ'.

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for comparison.

अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I spoke (I spoke, I said)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root brū (2nd class, active)

Root: brū (class 2)