वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-58, verse-15

भगवञ् शब्दमालक्ष्य मया गजजिघांसुना ।
विसृष्टो ऽम्भसि नाराचस्तेन ते निहतः सुतः ॥१५॥

15. bhagavañ śabdamālakṣya mayā gajajighāṃsunā ,
visṛṣṭo'mbhasi nārācastena te nihataḥ sutaḥ.

15. bhagavan śabdam ālakṣya mayā gajajighāṃsunā
visṛṣṭaḥ ambhasi nārācaḥ tena te nihataḥ sutaḥ

15. bhagavan mayā gajajighāṃsunā śabdam ālakṣya
ambhasi nārācaḥ visṛṣṭaḥ tena te sutaḥ nihataḥ

15. O revered sir, I aimed at a sound, intending to kill an elephant, and released an iron arrow into the water. By that very arrow, your son was killed.

Words meanings summery:

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered sir (O revered one, O divine one, O lord)

• शब्दम् (śabdam) - sound (sound, word, voice)

• आलक्ष्य (ālakṣya) - having aimed at (having perceived, having aimed at, having observed)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• गजजिघांसुना (gajajighāṁsunā) - by me, desiring to kill an elephant (by one desiring to kill an elephant, by an elephant-killer)

• विसृष्टः (visṛṣṭaḥ) - was released, was discharged (released, discharged, sent forth, created)

• अम्भसि (ambhasi) - into the water (in water, in the waters)

• नाराचः (nārācaḥ) - an iron arrow (an iron arrow, a particular type of arrow)

• तेन (tena) - by that (arrow) (by him, by that, by it)

• ते (te) - your (your, by you, to you)

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - was killed (killed, struck down, destroyed)

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son (son, offspring)

Words meanings and morphology

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered sir (O revered one, O divine one, O lord)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - endowed with fortune, glorious, divine, venerable, revered, auspicious, holy, prosperous

From 'bhaga' (fortune, excellence) + possessive suffix '-vat'.

Root: bhaj (class 1)

शब्दम् (śabdam) - sound (sound, word, voice)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise, voice

Root: śabd (class 1)

Note: Object of the absolutive 'ālakṣya'.

आलक्ष्य (ālakṣya) - having aimed at (having perceived, having aimed at, having observed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'lakṣ' (to perceive, mark) with prefix 'ā-' and suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: ā

Root: lakṣ (class 1)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent of the action of releasing the arrow.

गजजिघांसुना (gajajighāṁsunā) - by me, desiring to kill an elephant (by one desiring to kill an elephant, by an elephant-killer)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gajajighāṃsu

gajajighāṁsu - desiring to kill an elephant

Desiderative agent noun/adjective

Compound: 'gaja' (elephant) + 'jighāṃsu' (desiring to kill, desiderative of 'han').

Compound type : tatpurusha (gaja+jighāṃsu)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• jighāṃsu – desiring to kill
  adjective (masculine)
  Desiderative agent noun/adjective
  From desiderative stem of root 'han' (to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to the speaker.

विसृष्टः (visṛṣṭaḥ) - was released, was discharged (released, discharged, sent forth, created)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of visṛṣṭa

visṛṣṭa - released, discharged, sent forth, created, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'sṛj' (to let go, create) with prefix 'vi-'.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Implies "was released" when used with an agent in instrumental.

अम्भसि (ambhasi) - into the water (in water, in the waters)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ambhas

ambhas - water, fluid

नाराचः (nārācaḥ) - an iron arrow (an iron arrow, a particular type of arrow)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārāca

nārāca - an iron arrow, a metal arrow

Note: Subject of 'visṛṣṭaḥ' (passive construction).

तेन (tena) - by that (arrow) (by him, by that, by it)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'nārācaḥ' (the arrow).

ते (te) - your (your, by you, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive pronoun, qualifying 'sutaḥ'.

निहतः (nihataḥ) - was killed (killed, struck down, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed, defeated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with prefix 'ni-'.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Functions as the main verb (was killed).

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son (son, offspring)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, offspring, child

Past Passive Participle (from 'sū', to give birth) or derived noun.

Formed from root 'sū' (to generate, give birth).

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence.