मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-27, verse-9
स्थानवृद्धिक्षयज्ञेन षाड्गुण्यगुणितात्माना ।
भवितव्यं नरेन्द्रेण न कामवशवर्तिना ॥९॥
भवितव्यं नरेन्द्रेण न कामवशवर्तिना ॥९॥
9. sthānavṛddhikṣayajñena ṣāḍguṇyaguṇitātmānā .
bhavitavyaṃ narendreṇa na kāmavaśavartinā.
bhavitavyaṃ narendreṇa na kāmavaśavartinā.
9.
sthānavṛddhikṣayajñena ṣāḍguṇyaguṇitātmanā
bhavitavyam narendreṇa na kāmavaśavartinā
bhavitavyam narendreṇa na kāmavaśavartinā
9.
A king should be someone who understands the state of affairs, including expansion and decline, and who possesses the six political strategies. He must not be one who is controlled by desire (kāma).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स्थानवृद्धिक्षयज्ञेन (sthānavṛddhikṣayajñena) - by one who knows about position, growth, and decay; by one expert in strategic analysis.
- षाड्गुण्यगुणितात्मना (ṣāḍguṇyaguṇitātmanā) - by one whose self (ātman) is endowed with the six qualities/attributes (of political policy).
- भवितव्यम् (bhavitavyam) - should be, ought to be, must be.
- नरेन्द्रेण (narendreṇa) - by a king, by a ruler of men.
- न (na) - not, nor.
- कामवशवर्तिना (kāmavaśavartinā) - by one acting under the influence of desire (kāma), by one subservient to desire.
Words meanings and morphology
स्थानवृद्धिक्षयज्ञेन (sthānavṛddhikṣayajñena) - by one who knows about position, growth, and decay; by one expert in strategic analysis.
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of sthānavṛddhikṣayajña
sthānavṛddhikṣayajña - one who knows about status (position), growth/increase, and decay/decline.
Compound type : tatpurusha (sthāna+vṛddhi+kṣaya+jña)
- sthāna – place, position, status
noun (neuter)
Root: sthā (class 1) - vṛddhi – growth, increase, prosperity
noun (feminine)
Root: vṛdh (class 1) - kṣaya – decay, decline, loss, destruction
noun (masculine)
Root: kṣi (class 5) - jña – knowing, discerning; a knower, expert
adjective (masculine)
From root jñā (to know) + ka suffix.
Root: jñā (class 9)
षाड्गुण्यगुणितात्मना (ṣāḍguṇyaguṇitātmanā) - by one whose self (ātman) is endowed with the six qualities/attributes (of political policy).
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of ṣāḍguṇyaguṇitātman
ṣāḍguṇyaguṇitātman - one whose self (ātman) is endowed with the six excellences/qualities (ṣāḍguṇya). These are the six measures of policy: saṃdhi (peace), vigraha (war), yāna (marching), āsana (halting), saṃśraya (seeking shelter), and dvaidhībhāva (duplicity).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ṣāḍguṇya+guṇita+ātman)
- ṣāḍguṇya – the group of six excellences; the six measures of policy
noun (neuter) - guṇita – endowed with, multiplied by, qualified
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Formed from root guṇ (to multiply, to qualify) + kta suffix.
Root: guṇ (class 10) - ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, mind
noun (masculine)
Root: an (class 2)
भवितव्यम् (bhavitavyam) - should be, ought to be, must be.
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of bhavitavya
bhavitavya - what is to be, what ought to be, future.
Gerundive
Formed from root bhū (to be) + suffix tavya.
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Impersonal construction, 'it should be (by a king)'.
नरेन्द्रेण (narendreṇa) - by a king, by a ruler of men.
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of narendra
narendra - king, ruler of men.
Compound of nara (man) and indra (chief, lord).
Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+indra)
- nara – man, human
noun (masculine) - indra – lord, chief, king; a specific deity
noun (masculine)
Note: Agent of the impersonal gerundive construction.
न (na) - not, nor.
(indeclinable)
कामवशवर्तिना (kāmavaśavartinā) - by one acting under the influence of desire (kāma), by one subservient to desire.
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāmavaśavartin
kāmavaśavartin - acting under the influence of desire (kāma), subservient to desire.
Compound of kāma (desire) + vaśa (control) + vartin (acting).
Compound type : tatpurusha (kāma+vaśa+vartin)
- kāma – desire, longing, love
noun (masculine)
Root: kam (class 1) - vaśa – control, power, subjugation, will
noun (masculine)
Root: vaś (class 2) - vartin – existing, abiding, acting, being under the power of
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun from root vṛt (to turn, to exist, to act) + ṇin suffix.
Root: vṛt (class 1)
Note: Instrumental case agreeing with narendreṇa.