मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-27, verse-23
मासानष्टौ यथा सूर्यस्तोयं हरति रश्मिभिः ।
सूक्ष्मेणैवाभ्युपायेन तथा शुल्कादिकं नृपः ॥२३॥
सूक्ष्मेणैवाभ्युपायेन तथा शुल्कादिकं नृपः ॥२३॥
23. māsānaṣṭau yathā sūryastoyaṃ harati raśmibhiḥ .
sūkṣmeṇaivābhyupāyena tathā śulkādikaṃ nṛpaḥ.
sūkṣmeṇaivābhyupāyena tathā śulkādikaṃ nṛpaḥ.
23.
māsān aṣṭau yathā sūryaḥ toyam harati raśmibhiḥ
sūkṣmeṇa eva abhyupāyena tathā śulkādikam nṛpaḥ
sūkṣmeṇa eva abhyupāyena tathā śulkādikam nṛpaḥ
23.
Just as the Sun draws up water with its rays for eight months by a very subtle means, similarly, the king should (collect) taxes and other levies.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मासान् (māsān) - for months (indicating duration) (months)
- अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight
- यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like
- सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the Sun, sun god
- तोयम् (toyam) - water
- हरति (harati) - draws up (water) (draws, takes away, carries)
- रश्मिभिः (raśmibhiḥ) - by its rays (of the Sun) (by rays, with rays)
- सूक्ष्मेण (sūkṣmeṇa) - by subtle, by fine
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
- अभ्युपायेन (abhyupāyena) - by a means, by a method, by a stratagem
- तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, in that way
- शुल्कादिकम् (śulkādikam) - taxes and other levies (taxes and so on, customs and etc.)
- नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, protector of men
Words meanings and morphology
मासान् (māsān) - for months (indicating duration) (months)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of māsa
māsa - month
Note: Accusative case is used to denote duration of time.
अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight
(numeral)
Note: Declined as an adjective, agreeing with 'māsān'.
यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like
(indeclinable)
सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the Sun, sun god
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya
sūrya - the sun, sun god, Aditya
तोयम् (toyam) - water
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of toya
toya - water
हरति (harati) - draws up (water) (draws, takes away, carries)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of hṛ
Present Tense
3rd person singular, active voice, class 1 verb.
Root: hṛ (class 1)
रश्मिभिः (raśmibhiḥ) - by its rays (of the Sun) (by rays, with rays)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of raśmi
raśmi - ray (of light), bridle, rope
सूक्ष्मेण (sūkṣmeṇa) - by subtle, by fine
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of sūkṣma
sūkṣma - subtle, minute, fine, delicate, intangible
Note: Agrees with 'abhyupāyena'.
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
(indeclinable)
अभ्युपायेन (abhyupāyena) - by a means, by a method, by a stratagem
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of abhyupāya
abhyupāya - means, method, stratagem, expedient, approach
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhi+upāya)
- abhi – towards, against, upon, for, in relation to
indeclinable
Prefix to 'upāya'. - upāya – means, method, resource, device, approach
noun (masculine)
From prefix 'upa' and root 'i' (to go).
Prefix: upa
Root: i (class 2)
तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, in that way
(indeclinable)
शुल्कादिकम् (śulkādikam) - taxes and other levies (taxes and so on, customs and etc.)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śulkādika
śulkādika - taxes etc., tolls etc., customs etc.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śulka+ādika)
- śulka – tax, toll, duty, customs, fee
noun (neuter) - ādika – beginning with, and so on, etc.
adjective (neuter)
Suffix indicating 'etc.'
नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, protector of men
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa
nṛpa - king, ruler (literally 'protector of men')
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)
- nṛ – man, human being
noun (masculine) - pa – protector, guardian (from root √pā 'to protect')
noun (masculine)
Agent noun from root √pā (to protect).
Root: pā (class 2)