मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-27, verse-31
पालनेनैव भूतानां कृतकृत्यो महीपतिः ।
सम्यक् पालयिता भागं धर्मस्याप्नोति यत्नतः ॥३१॥
सम्यक् पालयिता भागं धर्मस्याप्नोति यत्नतः ॥३१॥
31. pālanenaiva bhūtānāṃ kṛtakṛtyo mahīpatiḥ .
samyak pālayitā bhāgaṃ dharmasyāpnoti yatnataḥ.
samyak pālayitā bhāgaṃ dharmasyāpnoti yatnataḥ.
31.
pālanena eva bhūtānām kṛtakṛtyaḥ mahīpatiḥ |
samyak pālayitā bhāgam dharmasya āpnoti yatnataḥ
samyak pālayitā bhāgam dharmasya āpnoti yatnataḥ
31.
A king accomplishes his duties solely through the protection of beings. One who protects well diligently obtains a share of the intrinsic nature (dharma).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पालनेन (pālanena) - by protection, by governing
- एव (eva) - alone, only, indeed
- भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures
- कृतकृत्यः (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) - one who has done his duty, one who has accomplished his task
- महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king, ruler of the earth
- सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, thoroughly, well
- पालयिता (pālayitā) - protector, one who protects
- भागम् (bhāgam) - share, portion
- धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law, of duty, of righteousness
- आप्नोति (āpnoti) - he obtains, he attains, he reaches
- यत्नतः (yatnataḥ) - with effort, diligently, carefully
Words meanings and morphology
पालनेन (pālanena) - by protection, by governing
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of pālana
pālana - protection, preservation, governance, nourishing
From root `pāl` (to protect) + `ana` suffix.
Root: pāl (class 10)
Note: Indicates the means by which the king accomplishes his task.
एव (eva) - alone, only, indeed
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.
भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta
bhūta - being, creature, element, past, happened
Past Passive Participle
From root `bhū` (to be, become) + `kta` suffix.
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Governed by `pālanena`.
कृतकृत्यः (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) - one who has done his duty, one who has accomplished his task
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtakṛtya
kṛtakṛtya - one who has done his duty, who has accomplished his task
From `kṛta` (done) + `kṛtya` (duty/deed).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+kṛtya)
- kṛta – done, made, performed
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root `kṛ` (to do)
Root: kṛ (class 8) - kṛtya – duty, what is to be done, action
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
From root `kṛ` (to do)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Null copula (implied 'is').
महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king, ruler of the earth
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati
mahīpati - lord of the earth, king, ruler
From `mahī` (earth) + `pati` (lord).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)
- mahī – earth, ground
noun (feminine) - pati – lord, master, husband
noun (masculine)
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.
सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, thoroughly, well
(indeclinable)
From `sam` (with) + `añc` (to bend, go).
Root: añc (class 1)
पालयिता (pālayitā) - protector, one who protects
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pālayitṛ
pālayitṛ - protector, guardian, preserver
Agent noun (kṛt suffix `tṛ`)
From causative stem `pālay` (of root `pāl`, to protect) + `tṛ` suffix.
Root: pāl (class 10)
भागम् (bhāgam) - share, portion
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāga
bhāga - share, portion, part, division, lot, destiny
From root `bhaj` (to divide, allot).
Root: bhaj (class 1)
धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of natural law, of duty, of righteousness
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, intrinsic nature
From root `dhṛ` (to hold, support).
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Governs `bhāgam`.
आप्नोति (āpnoti) - he obtains, he attains, he reaches
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āp
Present tense
From root `āp` (आपॢ)
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Subject is `pālayitā`.
यत्नतः (yatnataḥ) - with effort, diligently, carefully
(indeclinable)
From `yatna` (effort) + `tas` suffix (ablative/adverbial sense).