मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-27, verse-6
अष्टधा नाशमाप्नोति सुचक्रात् स्यन्दनाद्यथा ।
तथा राजाप्यसन्दिग्धं बहिर्मन्त्रविनिर्गमात् ॥६॥
तथा राजाप्यसन्दिग्धं बहिर्मन्त्रविनिर्गमात् ॥६॥
6. aṣṭadhā nāśamāpnoti sucakrāt syandanādyathā .
tathā rājāpyasandigdhaṃ bahirmantravinirgamāt.
tathā rājāpyasandigdhaṃ bahirmantravinirgamāt.
6.
aṣṭadhā nāśam āpnoti sucakrāt syandanāt yathā
tathā rājā api asandigdham bahiḥ mantravinirgamāt
tathā rājā api asandigdham bahiḥ mantravinirgamāt
6.
Just as a chariot, even with its good wheels, can suffer destruction in eight ways, similarly, a king also undoubtedly suffers (destruction) from the external leaking of secret counsel.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अष्टधा (aṣṭadhā) - in eight ways, eightfold
- नाशम् (nāśam) - destruction, ruin, loss
- आप्नोति (āpnoti) - Here, 'suffers' or 'meets with'. (obtains, reaches, suffers, gets)
- सुचक्रात् (sucakrāt) - Referring to a chariot that has good wheels, or is generally well-equipped. (from a good wheel, from a well-wheeled (chariot))
- स्यन्दनात् (syandanāt) - From a chariot. (from a chariot, from a flowing (thing))
- यथा (yathā) - Introduces the simile. (just as, as, according to)
- तथा (tathā) - Introduces the parallel statement. (so, similarly, thus)
- राजा (rājā) - king, ruler
- अपि (api) - Emphasizes that the king also suffers. (also, even, too)
- असन्दिग्धम् (asandigdham) - without doubt, certainly, undoubted
- बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside, externally, out of
- मन्त्रविनिर्गमात् (mantravinirgamāt) - from the disclosure of counsel, from the leaking out of plans
Words meanings and morphology
अष्टधा (aṣṭadhā) - in eight ways, eightfold
(indeclinable)
From aṣṭa (eight) + -dhā (suffix for 'in ways').
नाशम् (nāśam) - destruction, ruin, loss
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of nāśa
nāśa - destruction, ruin, loss, disappearance
From √naś 'to perish, be lost'.
Root: naś (class 4)
Note: Object of `āpnoti`.
आप्नोति (āpnoti) - Here, 'suffers' or 'meets with'. (obtains, reaches, suffers, gets)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of āp
Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice
From ā-√āp 'to obtain'.
Prefix: ā
Root: āp (class 5)
सुचक्रात् (sucakrāt) - Referring to a chariot that has good wheels, or is generally well-equipped. (from a good wheel, from a well-wheeled (chariot))
(adjective)
Ablative, neuter, singular of sucakra
sucakra - having good wheels, well-wheeled, a good wheel
Compound of su (good, well) and cakra (wheel).
Compound type : karmadhāraya / bahuvrīhi (implied) (su+cakra)
- su – good, well, excellent, easy
indeclinable - cakra – wheel, discus, circle, army division
noun (neuter)
Note: Qualifies 'syandanāt'.
स्यन्दनात् (syandanāt) - From a chariot. (from a chariot, from a flowing (thing))
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of syandana
syandana - chariot, car, flowing, running, dripping
From √syand 'to flow, move quickly'.
Root: syand (class 1)
Note: Refers to the source of destruction in the simile.
यथा (yathā) - Introduces the simile. (just as, as, according to)
(indeclinable)
तथा (tathā) - Introduces the parallel statement. (so, similarly, thus)
(indeclinable)
राजा (rājā) - king, ruler
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
From √rāj 'to rule'.
Root: rāj (class 1)
Note: Subject of the implied verb (suffers destruction).
अपि (api) - Emphasizes that the king also suffers. (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
असन्दिग्धम् (asandigdham) - without doubt, certainly, undoubted
(indeclinable)
Compound of a (negation) and sandigdha (doubted, uncertain).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sandigdha)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - sandigdha – doubted, suspected, uncertain
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From sam-√dih 'to smear, doubt'.
Prefix: sam
Root: dih (class 4)
Note: Functions as an adverb "undoubtedly".
बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside, externally, out of
(indeclinable)
मन्त्रविनिर्गमात् (mantravinirgamāt) - from the disclosure of counsel, from the leaking out of plans
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of mantravinirgama
mantravinirgama - disclosure of secret counsel, leaking of plans, going out of counsel
Compound of mantra (counsel, secret plan) and vinirgama (going out, disclosure).
Compound type : tatpurusha (mantra+vinirgama)
- mantra – counsel, advice, secret plan, sacred incantation
noun (masculine)
From √man 'to think'.
Root: man (class 4) - vinirgama – going out, exit, disclosure, leaking out
noun (masculine)
From vi-nir-√gam 'to go out'
Derived from the root √gam 'to go' with prefixes vi and nir.
Prefixes: vi+nir
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Indicates the reason for destruction.