मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-27, verse-24
यथा यमः प्रियद्वेष्ये प्राप्तकाले नियच्छति ।
तथा प्रियाप्रिये राजा दुष्टादुष्टे समो भवेत् ॥२४॥
तथा प्रियाप्रिये राजा दुष्टादुष्टे समो भवेत् ॥२४॥
24. yathā yamaḥ priyadveṣye prāptakāle niyacchati .
tathā priyāpriye rājā duṣṭāduṣṭe samo bhavet.
tathā priyāpriye rājā duṣṭāduṣṭe samo bhavet.
24.
yathā yamaḥ priyadveṣye prāptakāle niyacchati
tathā priyāpriye rājā duṣṭāduṣṭe samaḥ bhavet
tathā priyāpriye rājā duṣṭāduṣṭe samaḥ bhavet
24.
Just as Yama (the god of death) controls (or judges) impartially at the appointed time, treating both those he loves and those he hates equally, so too should the king be impartial towards those dear and not dear, and towards the wicked and the virtuous.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like
- यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama, the god of death and justice
- प्रियद्वेष्ये (priyadveṣye) - to those dear and those hateful (without partiality) (to those who are dear and those who are hateful)
- प्राप्तकाले (prāptakāle) - at the appointed time, when the time has arrived
- नियच्छति (niyacchati) - controls, restrains, punishes
- तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, in that way
- प्रियाप्रिये (priyāpriye) - to those who are dear and those who are not dear
- राजा (rājā) - king
- दुष्टादुष्टे (duṣṭāduṣṭe) - to the wicked and the virtuous (to the wicked and the not-wicked, to the evil and the good)
- समः (samaḥ) - impartial, equal, even, same
- भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be
Words meanings and morphology
यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like
(indeclinable)
यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama, the god of death and justice
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yama
yama - Yama, the god of death and justice; restraint, control
प्रियद्वेष्ये (priyadveṣye) - to those dear and those hateful (without partiality) (to those who are dear and those who are hateful)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, dual of priyadveṣya
priyadveṣya - the dear and the hateful (dual); objects of love and hatred
Compound type : dvandva (priya+dveṣya)
- priya – dear, beloved, pleasing, liked
adjective (masculine) - dveṣya – hateful, to be hated, an enemy
adjective (masculine)
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
Gerundive of root √dviṣ (to hate).
Root: dviṣ (class 2)
Note: Locative dual, can function as dative in some contexts.
प्राप्तकाले (prāptakāle) - at the appointed time, when the time has arrived
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of prāptakāla
prāptakāla - appointed time, proper time, time that has arrived
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāpta+kāla)
- prāpta – obtained, reached, arrived, come
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of root √āp (to obtain, reach) with prefix 'pra'.
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5) - kāla – time, season, occasion
noun (masculine)
नियच्छति (niyacchati) - controls, restrains, punishes
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ni-yam
Present Tense
3rd person singular, active voice. From root √yam (to restrain, control) with prefix 'ni'.
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1)
तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, in that way
(indeclinable)
प्रियाप्रिये (priyāpriye) - to those who are dear and those who are not dear
(noun)
Locative, masculine, dual of priyāpriya
priyāpriya - the dear and the not dear (dual); friends and enemies
Compound type : dvandva (priya+apriya)
- priya – dear, beloved, pleasing, liked
adjective (masculine) - apriya – not dear, unpleasant, disliked, enemy
adjective (masculine)
Negative prefix 'a' + 'priya'.
Prefix: a
Note: Locative dual, can function as dative in some contexts.
राजा (rājā) - king
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, prince
दुष्टादुष्टे (duṣṭāduṣṭe) - to the wicked and the virtuous (to the wicked and the not-wicked, to the evil and the good)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, dual of duṣṭāduṣṭa
duṣṭāduṣṭa - the wicked and the not-wicked (dual); the good and the bad
Compound type : dvandva (duṣṭa+aduṣṭa)
- duṣṭa – wicked, corrupt, bad, spoilt, defiled
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of root √duṣ (to be corrupted, to fail).
Root: duṣ (class 4) - aduṣṭa – not wicked, not corrupted, virtuous, pure
adjective (masculine)
Negative prefix 'a' + 'duṣṭa'.
Prefix: a
Note: Locative dual, can function as dative in some contexts.
समः (samaḥ) - impartial, equal, even, same
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sama
sama - same, equal, like, even, impartial, unbiased
भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū
Optative Mood
3rd person singular, active voice, class 1 verb.
Root: bhū (class 1)