महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-39, verse-26

ततः परेण यत्नेन तप्त्वा बहुविधं तपः ।
तेजसा भास्कराकारो गाधिजः समपद्यत ॥२६॥

26. tataḥ pareṇa yatnena taptvā bahuvidhaṁ tapaḥ ,
tejasā bhāskarākāro gādhijaḥ samapadyata.

26. tataḥ pareṇa yatnena taptvā bahuvidham tapaḥ
tejasā bhāskarākāraḥ gādhijaḥ samapadyata

26. tataḥ pareṇa yatnena bahuvidham tapaḥ taptvā
gādhijaḥ tejasā bhāskarākāraḥ samapadyata

26. Then, having performed many kinds of austerity (tapas) with supreme effort, the son of Gādhi became radiant like the sun in his splendor.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from that, therefore)

• परेण (pareṇa) - by supreme (effort) (by another, by a supreme one, by a remote one)

• यत्नेन (yatnena) - by effort (by effort, by exertion, by endeavor)

• तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having performed (tapas) (having performed austerity, having become heated)

• बहुविधम् (bahuvidham) - many kinds of (manifold, of many kinds, diverse)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor)

• तेजसा (tejasā) - by his splendor (by radiance, by splendor, by power, by energy)

• भास्कराकारः (bhāskarākāraḥ) - radiant like the sun (having the form/appearance of the sun, sun-like)

• गाधिजः (gādhijaḥ) - Viśvāmitra (who was the son of Gādhi) (the son of Gādhi, born of Gādhi)

• समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became (like the sun) (he became, he attained, he reached)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'tad' with the ablative suffix -tas.

Note: Adverb of time.

परेण (pareṇa) - by supreme (effort) (by another, by a supreme one, by a remote one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of para

para - other, supreme, excellent, highest, extreme

Note: Agrees with yatnena.

यत्नेन (yatnena) - by effort (by effort, by exertion, by endeavor)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, diligence

From the root yat (to strive).

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means by which the action is performed.

तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having performed (tapas) (having performed austerity, having become heated)

(verb)

absolutive

Formed with the suffix -tvā.

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Indicates a prior action.

बहुविधम् (bahuvidham) - many kinds of (manifold, of many kinds, diverse)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahuvidha

bahuvidha - manifold, of many kinds, diverse

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bahu+vidha)

• bahu – much, many, numerous
  adjective
• vidha – kind, sort, manner, type
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies tapaḥ.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor, self-discipline

From the root tap (to heat, to burn).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of taptvā.

तेजसा (tejasā) - by his splendor (by radiance, by splendor, by power, by energy)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - radiance, splendor, brilliance, power, energy, spiritual energy

From the root tij (to be sharp).

Root: tij

Note: Indicates the manner or means.

भास्कराकारः (bhāskarākāraḥ) - radiant like the sun (having the form/appearance of the sun, sun-like)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāskarākāra

bhāskarākāra - having the form/appearance of the sun, sun-like

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhāskara+ākāra)

• bhāskara – sun, sun-maker, source of light
  noun (masculine)
  From bhās (light) + kṛ (to make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance, semblance
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-kṛ (to make, form).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective describing gādhijaḥ.

गाधिजः (gādhijaḥ) - Viśvāmitra (who was the son of Gādhi) (the son of Gādhi, born of Gādhi)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gādhija

gādhija - son of Gādhi, born of Gādhi

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gādhi+ja)

• gādhi – name of a king, father of Viśvāmitra
  proper noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from, son
  adjective
  From root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became (like the sun) (he became, he attained, he reached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active (ātmanepada), imperfect (Laṅ) of pad

imperfect active 3rd singular

Imperfect form from the root pad with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: The initial 'a' is the augment for past tense.