महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-39, verse-11

तथा च कौशिकस्तात तपोनित्यो जितेन्द्रियः ।
तपसा वै सुतप्तेन ब्राह्मणत्वमवाप्तवान् ॥११॥

11. tathā ca kauśikastāta taponityo jitendriyaḥ ,
tapasā vai sutaptena brāhmaṇatvamavāptavān.

11. tathā ca kauśikaḥ tāta taponityaḥ jitendriyaḥ
tapasā vai sutaptena brāhmaṇatvam avāptavān

11. tāta tathā ca taponityaḥ jitendriyaḥ kauśikaḥ
vai sutaptena tapasā brāhmaṇatvam avāptavān

11. And similarly, O dear one, Kauśika, who was ever devoted to asceticism (tapas) and had controlled his senses, indeed attained brahminhood by intensely performed asceticism (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• च (ca) - and, also

• कौशिकः (kauśikaḥ) - refers to Viśvāmitra (Kauśika (proper name, a descendant of Kuśika))

• तात (tāta) - vocative address, implying affection or respect (O dear one, O son, O father (term of endearment or respect))

• तपोनित्यः (taponityaḥ) - describing Kauśika's dedication to spiritual practices (always devoted to asceticism (tapas), constantly engaged in spiritual austerities)

• जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyaḥ) - describing Kauśika's self-control (one who has conquered or controlled his senses)

• तपसा (tapasā) - the means by which brahminhood was attained (by asceticism (tapas), by penance)

• वै (vai) - emphasizes the certainty of the attainment (indeed, truly, surely)

• सुतप्तेन (sutaptena) - describing the nature of the asceticism (tapas) (well-performed, intensely practiced, severely austere)

• ब्राह्मणत्वम् (brāhmaṇatvam) - the status or quality of being a Brahmin (brahminhood, the state of being a Brahmin)

• अवाप्तवान् (avāptavān) - he obtained, he attained, he achieved

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of manner.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

कौशिकः (kauśikaḥ) - refers to Viśvāmitra (Kauśika (proper name, a descendant of Kuśika))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kauśika

kauśika - descendant of Kuśika, an epithet for Viśvāmitra

Patronymic from Kuśika.

तात (tāta) - vocative address, implying affection or respect (O dear one, O son, O father (term of endearment or respect))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, son (used as term of endearment or respect)

तपोनित्यः (taponityaḥ) - describing Kauśika's dedication to spiritual practices (always devoted to asceticism (tapas), constantly engaged in spiritual austerities)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of taponitya

taponitya - always devoted to asceticism, constantly practicing austerities

Compound of tapas (asceticism) and nitya (constant, eternal).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapas+nitya)

• tapas – asceticism, penance, spiritual austerity, heat, self-discipline
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• nitya – constant, eternal, perpetual, always
  adjective (masculine)

जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyaḥ) - describing Kauśika's self-control (one who has conquered or controlled his senses)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jitendriya

jitendriya - one who has conquered the senses, self-controlled

Compound of jita (conquered, P.P.P. of ji) and indriya (sense organ).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jita+indriya)

• jita – conquered, overcome, won
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root ji (to conquer) with the suffix -kta.
  Root: ji (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty, power
  noun (neuter)

तपसा (tapasā) - the means by which brahminhood was attained (by asceticism (tapas), by penance)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, penance, spiritual austerity, heat, self-discipline

Root: tap (class 1)

वै (vai) - emphasizes the certainty of the attainment (indeed, truly, surely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

सुतप्तेन (sutaptena) - describing the nature of the asceticism (tapas) (well-performed, intensely practiced, severely austere)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sutapta

sutapta - well-heated, intensely practiced, severely austere

Past Passive Participle

Compound of su (well, intensely) and tapta (heated, practiced, P.P.P. of tap).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+tapta)

• su – well, good, very, easily
  indeclinable
• tapta – heated, practiced, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root tap (to heat, practice asceticism) with the suffix -kta.
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tapasā'.

ब्राह्मणत्वम् (brāhmaṇatvam) - the status or quality of being a Brahmin (brahminhood, the state of being a Brahmin)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brāhmaṇatva

brāhmaṇatva - brahminhood, the state or quality of a Brahmin

Derived from brāhmaṇa (Brahmin) with the suffix -tva indicating 'state' or 'condition'.

Note: Object of 'avāptavān'.

अवाप्तवान् (avāptavān) - he obtained, he attained, he achieved

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avāp

āp - to obtain, reach, attain

Past Active Participle (Perfect participle)

Derived from the root āp (to obtain) with prefix ava and suffix -ktavat, inflected in nominative singular masculine.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Acts as the main verb here, indicating the subject (Kauśika) performed the action.