महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-64, verse-6

ततस्त्वदीयाश्च परे च सायकैः कृतेऽन्धकारे विविदुर्न किंचन ।
भयात्तु तावेव रथौ समाश्रयंस्तमोनुदौ खे प्रसृता इवांशवः ॥६॥

6. tatastvadīyāśca pare ca sāyakaiḥ; kṛte'ndhakāre vividurna kiṁcana ,
bhayāttu tāveva rathau samāśrayaṁ;stamonudau khe prasṛtā ivāṁśavaḥ.

6. tataḥ tvadīyāḥ ca pare ca sāyakaiḥ
kṛte andhakāre vividuḥ na kiṃcana |
bhayāt tu tau eva rathau samāśrayan
tamonudau khe prasṛtāḥ iva aṃśavaḥ

6. tataḥ sāyakaiḥ andhakāre kṛte,
tvadīyāḥ ca pare ca kiṃcana na vividuḥ bhayāt tu tau eva tamonudau rathau khe prasṛtāḥ aṃśavaḥ iva samāśrayan

6. Then, as a dense darkness was created by the arrows, neither your warriors nor the enemy warriors could perceive anything. But out of fear, they sought refuge in those very two chariots, which were like rays of light spreading across the sky, dispelling the gloom.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, after that

• त्वदीयाः (tvadīyāḥ) - your warriors/soldiers (your own, belonging to you, your men)

• च (ca) - and, also

• परे (pare) - enemy warriors/soldiers (others, enemies, the other side)

• च (ca) - and, also

• सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - by arrows, with missiles

• कृते (kṛte) - made, done, performed, created

• अन्धकारे (andhakāre) - in darkness, in gloom

• विविदुः (vividuḥ) - they knew, they perceived

• न (na) - not, no

• किंचन (kiṁcana) - nothing (when negated by 'na') (anything, something, whatever)

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• तौ (tau) - those two

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, very

• रथौ (rathau) - two chariots

• समाश्रयन् (samāśrayan) - they resorted to, they sought refuge

• तमोनुदौ (tamonudau) - two dispellers of darkness, two removers of gloom

• खे (khe) - in the sky, in space

• प्रसृताः (prasṛtāḥ) - spread, extended, diffused

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अंशवः (aṁśavaḥ) - rays (of light), beams

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, after that

(indeclinable)

From pronominal root tad (that) + -tas suffix indicating origin or direction

त्वदीयाः (tvadīyāḥ) - your warriors/soldiers (your own, belonging to you, your men)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvadīya

tvadīya - your, belonging to you

Derived from tvad (you) + -īya suffix

Note: Used substantively to refer to 'your people' or 'your side'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

परे (pare) - enemy warriors/soldiers (others, enemies, the other side)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, supreme, enemy

Note: Used substantively to refer to 'the other people' or 'the enemy side'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - by arrows, with missiles

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, missile

From root si (to bind, to throw) + -aka

Root: si (class 4)

कृते (kṛte) - made, done, performed, created

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, to make) + -ta suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions adverbially with 'andhakāre' to mean 'when darkness was created'.

अन्धकारे (andhakāre) - in darkness, in gloom

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of andhakāra

andhakāra - darkness, gloom

From andha (blind) + kāra (making)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (andha+kāra)

• andha – blind, dark
  adjective (masculine)
• kāra – maker, doing, causing
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛ (to do, to make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

विविदुः (vividuḥ) - they knew, they perceived

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Perfect (lit) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Represents perfect tense (past action, completed).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

किंचन (kiṁcana) - nothing (when negated by 'na') (anything, something, whatever)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kiṃcana

kiṁcana - anything, something, whatever

From kim (what) + ca (and) + na (not/even)

Note: Often used to strengthen negation, meaning 'not even anything'.

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread

From root bhī (to fear) + -a suffix

Root: bhī (class 3)

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis or contrast.

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the two chariots/charioteers (implicitly the prominent fighters).

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, very

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'tau rathau'.

रथौ (rathau) - two chariots

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

From root ram (to delight) + -atha

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Refers to the chariots of the two main combatants.

समाश्रयन् (samāśrayan) - they resorted to, they sought refuge

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of samāśri

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: The subject is implied, the warriors from both sides.

तमोनुदौ (tamonudau) - two dispellers of darkness, two removers of gloom

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tamonuda

tamonuda - dispeller of darkness

Compound of tamas (darkness) and nuda (expeller/driving away). From root nud (to push, drive away).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tamas+nuda)

• tamas – darkness, ignorance
  noun (neuter)
• nuda – dispeller, expeller
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root nud (to push, drive away) + -a suffix
  Root: nud (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'rathau'.

खे (khe) - in the sky, in space

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, space, ether

प्रसृताः (prasṛtāḥ) - spread, extended, diffused

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prasṛta

prasṛta - spread, extended, diffused, gone forth

Past Passive Participle

From pra- (forward, forth) + root sṛ (to flow, to move)

Prefix: pra

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'aṃśavaḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

अंशवः (aṁśavaḥ) - rays (of light), beams

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aṃśu

aṁśu - ray, beam of light, thread