महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-64, verse-5

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तथा प्रवृत्तेऽस्त्रभृतां पराभवे धनंजयश्चाधिरथिश्च सायकैः ।
दिशश्च सैन्यं च शितैरजिह्मगैः परस्परं प्रोर्णुवतुः स्म दंशितौ ॥५॥

5. tathā pravṛtte'strabhṛtāṁ parābhave; dhanaṁjayaścādhirathiśca sāyakaiḥ ,
diśaśca sainyaṁ ca śitairajihmagaiḥ; parasparaṁ prorṇuvatuḥ sma daṁśitau.

5. tathā pravṛtte astrabhṛtām parābhave
dhanañjayaḥ ca adhirathiḥ ca sāyakaiḥ
diśaḥ ca sainyam ca śitaiḥ ajihmagaiḥ
parasparam prorṇuvatuḥ sma daṃśitau

5. tathā astrabhṛtām parābhave pravṛtte
daṃśitau dhanañjayaḥ ca adhirathiḥ ca
śitaiḥ ajihmagaiḥ sāyakaiḥ parasparam
diśaḥ ca sainyam ca sma prorṇuvatuḥ

5. Thus, as the defeat of the weapon-bearers began, Dhananjaya (Arjuna) and Adhirathi (Karṇa), both fully armored, engaged each other, covering the directions and the opposing army with sharp, straight-flying arrows.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - when it commenced, when it began

अस्त्रभृताम् (astrabhṛtām) - of the weapon-bearers, of those who carry weapons

पराभवे (parābhave) - in the defeat, in the subjugation

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna, one of the Pandava brothers. (Dhananjaya (Arjuna, 'conqueror of wealth'))

च (ca) - and

अधिरथिः (adhirathiḥ) - Karṇa, the son of Adhiratha (a charioteer). (Adhirathi (Karṇa, son of a charioteer))

च (ca) - and

सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

दिशः (diśaḥ) - the directions

च (ca) - and

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - the army, host

च (ca) - and

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - by sharp, with keen

अजिह्मगैः (ajihmagaiḥ) - Refers to arrows that fly straight to their target. (by straight-flying (arrows), with direct (arrows))

परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, each other

प्रोर्णुवतुः (prorṇuvatuḥ) - they (two) covered

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense)

दंशितौ (daṁśitau) - the two armored ones

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - when it commenced, when it began

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, begun, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

From pra + √vṛt (to turn, occur, exist).

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `parābhave` in the locative absolute construction.

अस्त्रभृताम् (astrabhṛtām) - of the weapon-bearers, of those who carry weapons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of astrabhṛt

astrabhṛt - weapon-bearer, armed person

Compound of astra (weapon) + bhṛt (carrying).

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (astra+bhṛt)

astra – weapon, missile
noun (neuter)
bhṛt – bearing, carrying, supporting
adjective/noun
From √bhṛ (to bear, carry).
Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Dependent on `parābhave` in the locative absolute construction.

पराभवे (parābhave) - in the defeat, in the subjugation

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of parābhava

parābhava - defeat, subjugation, humiliation

From parā + √bhū (to be, become).

Prefix: parā

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main noun in the locative absolute phrase.

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna, one of the Pandava brothers. (Dhananjaya (Arjuna, 'conqueror of wealth'))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth (epithet of Arjuna), fire

Compound of dhana (wealth) + jaya (victory, conquering). A bahuvrīhi compound, 'he who conquers wealth'.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

dhana – wealth, riches, property
noun (neuter)
jaya – victory, conquest, victorious
noun/adjective (masculine)
From √ji (to conquer).
Root: ji (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects of `prorṇuvatuḥ`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अधिरथिः (adhirathiḥ) - Karṇa, the son of Adhiratha (a charioteer). (Adhirathi (Karṇa, son of a charioteer))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhirathi

adhirathi - charioteer, chief charioteer, son of a charioteer (epithet of Karṇa)

Compound of adhi (over, chief) + rathin (charioteer). Refers to Karṇa as the adopted son of Adhiratha.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adhi+rathi)

adhi – over, above, chief
indeclinable
rathi – charioteer, warrior in a chariot
noun (masculine)
From ratha (chariot).

Note: One of the subjects of `prorṇuvatuḥ`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, dart

From √si (to bind, cast).

Root: si (class 5)

Note: Instrument for `prorṇuvatuḥ`.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - the directions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky

Note: Object of `prorṇuvatuḥ`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - the army, host

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

From senā (army).

Note: Object of `prorṇuvatuḥ`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - by sharp, with keen

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharp, keen, whetted

Past Passive Participle

From √śo (to sharpen, cut).

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `ajihmagaiḥ`.

अजिह्मगैः (ajihmagaiḥ) - Refers to arrows that fly straight to their target. (by straight-flying (arrows), with direct (arrows))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ajihmaga

ajihmaga - going straight, direct, not crooked

Compound of a (not) + jihma (crooked) + ga (going). Used idiomatically for arrows.

Compound type : nañ tatpuruṣa (a+jihma+ga)

a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable
jihma – crooked, slanting, indirect
adjective
ga – going, moving, residing in
adjective/suffix
Derived from √gam (to go).
Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `sāyakaiḥ` (implied).

परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, each other

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paraspara

paraspara - mutual, reciprocal

Note: Adverbial accusative, object of `prorṇuvatuḥ`.

प्रोर्णुवतुः (prorṇuvatuḥ) - they (two) covered

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of ūrṇu

From pra + √ūrṇu (to cover). Root `ūrṇu` is a secondary root (svādi class).

Prefix: pra

Root: ūrṇu (class 5)