महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-64, verse-21

हतो गुरुर्ब्रह्मसमो महास्त्रवित्तथैव भीष्मप्रमुखा नरर्षभाः ।
अहं त्ववध्यो मम चापि मातुलः प्रशाधि राज्यं सह पाण्डवैश्चिरम् ॥२१॥

21. hato gururbrahmasamo mahāstravi;ttathaiva bhīṣmapramukhā nararṣabhāḥ ,
ahaṁ tvavadhyo mama cāpi mātulaḥ; praśādhi rājyaṁ saha pāṇḍavaiściram.

21. hataḥ guruḥ brahmasamaḥ mahāstravit
tathā eva bhīṣmapramukhāḥ nararṣabhāḥ
aham tu avadhyaḥ mama ca api mātulaḥ
praśādhi rājyam saha pāṇḍavaiḥ ciram

21. brahmasamaḥ mahāstravit guruḥ hataḥ
tathā eva bhīṣmapramukhāḥ nararṣabhāḥ
aham tu avadhyaḥ ca api mama mātulaḥ
pāṇḍavaiḥ saha rājyam ciram praśādhi

21. The teacher (guru) (Drona), who was like the supreme spiritual reality (brahman) and a knower of great weapons, has been killed. Similarly, chief among men like Bhishma have also been killed. But I am not to be killed, and neither is my maternal uncle (Shakuni). Therefore, rule the kingdom together with the Pandavas for a long time.

Words meanings summery:

• हतः (hataḥ) - has been killed (killed, slain, destroyed)

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - the teacher (Drona) (guru) (teacher, preceptor, heavy, important)

• ब्रह्मसमः (brahmasamaḥ) - like the supreme spiritual reality (brahman) (equal to Brahma, like a Brahmin, like the supreme reality (brahman))

• महास्त्रवित् (mahāstravit) - a knower of great weapons (knower of great weapons)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, in that manner)

• एव (eva) - also, similarly (indeed, only, certainly)

• भीष्मप्रमुखाः (bhīṣmapramukhāḥ) - chief among men like Bhishma (Bhishma and other leaders, headed by Bhishma)

• नरर्षभाः (nararṣabhāḥ) - best of men (best of men, bulls among men)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• अवध्यः (avadhyaḥ) - not to be killed (not to be killed, unconquerable, inviolable)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, moreover)

• मातुलः (mātulaḥ) - maternal uncle (Shakuni) (maternal uncle)

• प्रशाधि (praśādhi) - rule (rule, govern, command)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

• सह (saha) - together with (with, together with)

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with the Pandavas

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long ago)

Words meanings and morphology

हतः (hataḥ) - has been killed (killed, slain, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, destroyed, struck

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

गुरुः (guruḥ) - the teacher (Drona) (guru) (teacher, preceptor, heavy, important)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide, heavy, important

Root: gṛ (class 10)

ब्रह्मसमः (brahmasamaḥ) - like the supreme spiritual reality (brahman) (equal to Brahma, like a Brahmin, like the supreme reality (brahman))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmasama

brahmasama - equal to Brahma, like a Brahmin, like the supreme reality (brahman)

Tatpurusha compound of 'brahman' (Brahma, supreme reality) and 'sama' (equal, like).

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+sama)

• brahman – Brahma, creator god, supreme reality, sacred word
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• sama – equal, similar, like
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agreement with `guruḥ`.

महास्त्रवित् (mahāstravit) - a knower of great weapons (knower of great weapons)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāstravid

mahāstravid - knower of great weapons

Tatpurusha compound of 'mahāstra' (great weapon) and 'vid' (knower).

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahāstra+vid)

• mahāstra – great weapon, divine weapon
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agreement with `guruḥ`.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - also, similarly (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

भीष्मप्रमुखाः (bhīṣmapramukhāḥ) - chief among men like Bhishma (Bhishma and other leaders, headed by Bhishma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīṣmapramukha

bhīṣmapramukha - headed by Bhishma, with Bhishma as the chief

Bahuvrīhi compound of 'bhīṣma' (Bhishma) and 'pramukha' (chief, leading).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhīṣma+pramukha)

• bhīṣma – Bhishma (a proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pramukha – chief, foremost, leader
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: pra

Note: Agreement with `nararṣabhāḥ`.

नरर्षभाः (nararṣabhāḥ) - best of men (best of men, bulls among men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - bull among men, best of men, chief of men

Tatpurusha compound of 'nara' (man) and 'ṛṣabha' (bull, best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ (class 1)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

1st person pronoun, nominative singular.

Note: Refers to Ashvatthama.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction particle.

अवध्यः (avadhyaḥ) - not to be killed (not to be killed, unconquerable, inviolable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avadhya

avadhya - not to be killed, inviolable, unconquerable

Gerundive (NVA)

From root han (to kill) with prefix a- (negation) and suffix -ya (denoting possibility/necessity).

Prefix: a

Root: han (class 2)

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

1st person pronoun, genitive singular.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

मातुलः (mātulaḥ) - maternal uncle (Shakuni) (maternal uncle)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mātula

mātula - maternal uncle

प्रशाधि (praśādhi) - rule (rule, govern, command)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of pra-śās

Imperative, 2nd person singular. From root śās (to command, rule) with prefix pra (forth, greatly).

Prefix: pra

Root: śās (class 2)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, royal power, rule

Derived from rājan (king).

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Object of `praśādhi`.

सह (saha) - together with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Preposition governing instrumental case.

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

From Pāṇḍu + a (descendant).

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long ago)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.