महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-64, verse-29

स एवमुक्तः सुहृदा वचो हितं विचिन्त्य निःश्वस्य च दुर्मनाब्रवीत् ।
यथा भवानाह सखे तथैव तन्ममापि च ज्ञापयतो वचः शृणु ॥२९॥

29. sa evamuktaḥ suhṛdā vaco hitaṁ; vicintya niḥśvasya ca durmanābravīt ,
yathā bhavānāha sakhe tathaiva ta;nmamāpi ca jñāpayato vacaḥ śṛṇu.

29. saḥ evam uktaḥ suhṛdā vacaḥ hitam
vicintya niḥśvasya ca durmanāḥ abravīt
yathā bhavān āha sakhe tathā eva
tat mama api ca jñāpayataḥ vacaḥ śṛṇu

29. suhṛdā evam hitam vacaḥ uktaḥ saḥ,
vicintya ca niḥśvasya,
durmanāḥ (san) abravīt.
(saḥ uvāca) "sakhe,
yathā bhavān āha,
tathā eva tat.
mama api jñāpayataḥ vacaḥ ca śṛṇu.
"

29. Thus addressed by his friend with beneficial words, he reflected, sighed, and spoke with a heavy heart. 'O friend, just as you have said, listen now to my words, which also convey my thoughts to you.'

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (man)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, addressed

• सुहृदा (suhṛdā) - by Vidura (by his friend)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good, salutary

• विचिन्त्य (vicintya) - having reflected, having pondered

• निःश्वस्य (niḥśvasya) - having sighed, having breathed out

• च (ca) - and, also

• दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - heavy-hearted, dejected, sad

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

• आह (āha) - you said, he said (perfect tense)

• सखे (sakhe) - O friend

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that way

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• मम (mama) - my, mine

• अपि (api) - also, even

• च (ca) - and, also

• ज्ञापयतः (jñāpayataḥ) - informing, explaining (genitive singular)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (you)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that (man)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

From 'idam' (this) + 'vam' suffix

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, addressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root vac 'to speak'

Root: vac (class 2)

सुहृदा (suhṛdā) - by Vidura (by his friend)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, good-hearted, benevolent

Formed from 'su' (good) and 'hṛd' (heart)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• hṛd – heart
  noun (neuter)
  Root: hṛd (class 6)

Note: Agent of 'uktaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

From root vac 'to speak'

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to the words spoken by the friend.

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good, salutary

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, good, salutary, laid, placed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root dhā 'to place' with implied 'good'

Root: dhā (class 3)

विचिन्त्य (vicintya) - having reflected, having pondered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Absolutive form of root cint 'to think' with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: cint (class 10)

Note: Absolutive, indicating a preceding action.

निःश्वस्य (niḥśvasya) - having sighed, having breathed out

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Absolutive form of root śvas 'to breathe' with prefix nir

Prefix: nir

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Absolutive, indicating a preceding action.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - heavy-hearted, dejected, sad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmanas

durmanas - heavy-hearted, dejected, sad, ill-disposed

From 'dur' (bad, difficult) and 'manas' (mind, heart)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+manas)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, heart, intellect
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'saḥ'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Third person singular imperfect active.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

From 'yat' (which) + 'thā' suffix

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), sir, lord

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of bhū (to be), used as an honorific pronoun

Root: bhū (class 1)

आह (āha) - you said, he said (perfect tense)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Third person singular perfect of root ah 'to say'. Historically from vac. Often used with a present meaning.

Root: ah (class 2)

Note: Second person singular perfect active.

सखे (sakhe) - O friend

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion

Note: Addressing Vidura.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that way

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

मम (mama) - my, mine

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Possessive, modifying 'vacaḥ'.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'my words also'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

ज्ञापयतः (jñāpayataḥ) - informing, explaining (genitive singular)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jñāpayat

jñāpayat - informing, explaining, causing to know

Present Active Participle (Causal)

Present Active Participle (Causal) of root jñā 'to know'

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Genitive singular, describing the speaker (me) in relation to his words.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

From root vac 'to speak'

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'śṛṇu'.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen (you)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative second person singular of root śru 'to hear'

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Second person singular imperative active.