महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-16, verse-3

तस्मान्महद्भयं तीव्रममित्रघ्नाद्धनंजयात् ।
स यत्तत्राकरोत्पार्थस्तन्ममाचक्ष्व संजय ॥३॥

3. tasmānmahadbhayaṁ tīvramamitraghnāddhanaṁjayāt ,
sa yattatrākarotpārthastanmamācakṣva saṁjaya.

3. tasmāt mahat bhayam tīvram amitragnāt dhananjayāt |
sa yat tatra akarot pārthaḥ tat mama ācakṣva saṃjaya

3. saṃjaya tasmāt amitragnāt dhananjayāt tīvram mahat
bhayam pārthaḥ yat tatra akarot tat mama ācakṣva

3. Therefore, tell me, Sañjaya, about the intense and great fear [that comes] from Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), the destroyer of enemies. Tell me what Pārtha (Arjuna) did in that situation.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, because of that)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important, mighty)

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, terror, apprehension)

• तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense (intense, fierce, sharp, violent)

• अमित्रग्नात् (amitragnāt) - from the destroyer of enemies (from the killer of enemies, from the enemy-slayer)

• धनन्जयात् (dhananjayāt) - from Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

• स (sa) - he (referring to Pārtha) (he, that)

• यत् (yat) - what (what, which, that)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that situation (there, in that place, in that matter, in that situation)

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he did (he did, he made)

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Pārtha (Arjuna) (son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to what Pārtha did) (that, what)

• मम (mama) - to me (my, to me, for me)

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, explain (tell, describe, explain)

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, because of that)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'therefore'.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important, mighty)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

Note: Adjective modifying 'bhayam'.

भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, terror, apprehension)

(noun)

neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, terror, apprehension

Note: Object of implied 'tell me'.

तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense (intense, fierce, sharp, violent)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of tīvra

tīvra - intense, fierce, sharp, violent

Note: Adjective modifying 'bhayam'.

अमित्रग्नात् (amitragnāt) - from the destroyer of enemies (from the killer of enemies, from the enemy-slayer)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of amitragnā

amitragnā - killer of enemies, enemy-slayer

Compound of 'amitra' (enemy) and 'ghna' (killer, from root han - to strike/kill).

Compound type : tatpurusha (amitra+ghna)

• amitra – enemy, not friend
  noun (masculine)
• ghna – killer, slayer
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with suffix -a.
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Refers to Dhanañjaya (Arjuna).

धनन्जयात् (dhananjayāt) - from Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dhananjaya

dhananjaya - winner of wealth, Arjuna (a proper noun)

Compound of 'dhana' (wealth) and 'jaya' (conqueror, winning).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquering, winner
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

स (sa) - he (referring to Pārtha) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Pārtha.

यत् (yat) - what (what, which, that)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun introducing a clause.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that situation (there, in that place, in that matter, in that situation)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place/situation.

अकरोत् (akarot) - he did (he did, he made)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past (luṅ) of kṛ

aorist

3rd person singular aorist, parasmaipada.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The augment 'a-' is characteristic of the aorist.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Pārtha (Arjuna) (son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā, Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī) with patronymic suffix 'a'.

Note: Subject of 'akarot'.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to what Pārtha did) (that, what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'yat'.

मम (mama) - to me (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Here used in the genitive as a dative equivalent, 'to me'.

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, explain (tell, describe, explain)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of ācakṣ

imperative

2nd person singular imperative, middle voice (ātmanepada). Prefix ā + root cakṣ (to see, to tell).

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Addressed to Sañjaya.

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - victorious, Saṃjaya (proper noun)

Note: Address to Saṃjaya.