महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-138, verse-5

ते सर्वतो विद्रवन्तो योधा वित्रस्तचेतसः ।
अहन्यन्त महाराज धावमानाश्च संयुगे ॥५॥

5. te sarvato vidravanto yodhā vitrastacetasaḥ ,
ahanyanta mahārāja dhāvamānāśca saṁyuge.

5. te sarvataḥ vidravantaḥ yodhāḥ vitrastacetasaḥ
ahanyanta mahārāja dhāvamānāḥ ca saṃyuge

5. mahārāja,
sarvataḥ vidravantaḥ vitrastacetasaḥ dhāvamānāḥ ca te yodhāḥ saṃyuge ahanyanta

5. O great king, those warriors, fleeing everywhere with terrified hearts and running about in the battle, were being slaughtered.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those, they

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere, entirely

• विद्रवन्तः (vidravantaḥ) - fleeing, running away, dispersing

• योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters, soldiers

• वित्रस्तचेतसः (vitrastacetasaḥ) - with terrified minds, having frightened hearts

• अहन्यन्त (ahanyanta) - they were being killed, they were struck down

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king!

• धावमानाः (dhāvamānāḥ) - running, moving swiftly

• च (ca) - and, also

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in the battle, in the conflict, in the encounter

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere, entirely

(indeclinable)

विद्रवन्तः (vidravantaḥ) - fleeing, running away, dispersing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidravat

vidravat - fleeing, running away, dispersing

Present Active Participle

Formed from root dru (to run) with prefix vi and śatṛ ending.

Prefix: vi

Root: dru (class 1)

योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors, fighters, soldiers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

वित्रस्तचेतसः (vitrastacetasaḥ) - with terrified minds, having frightened hearts

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vitrastacetas

vitrastacetas - having a terrified mind, with a frightened heart

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vitrasta+cetas)

• vitrasta – terrified, frightened
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root tras (to tremble, to be afraid) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: tras (class 4)
• cetas – mind, heart, consciousness
  noun (neuter)

अहन्यन्त (ahanyanta) - they were being killed, they were struck down

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, imperfect (laṅ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king!

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

धावमानाः (dhāvamānāḥ) - running, moving swiftly

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhāvamāna

dhāvamāna - running, moving swiftly

Present Middle Participle

Formed from root dhāv (to run) with śānac ending.

Root: dhāv (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in the battle, in the conflict, in the encounter

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, conflict, encounter