महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-138, verse-4

वध्यमानानि सैन्यानि समन्तात्तैर्महारथैः ।
तमसा रजसा चैव समन्ताद्विप्रदुद्रुवुः ॥४॥

4. vadhyamānāni sainyāni samantāttairmahārathaiḥ ,
tamasā rajasā caiva samantādvipradudruvuḥ.

4. vadhyamānāni sainyāni samantāt taiḥ mahārathaiḥ
tamasā rajasā ca eva samantāt vipradudruvuḥ

4. taiḥ mahārathaiḥ samantāt vadhyamānāni sainyāni
tamasā rajasā ca eva samantāt vipradudruvuḥ

4. The armies, being attacked from all sides by those great charioteers, scattered in every direction, overwhelmed by the darkness and dust.

Words meanings summery:

• वध्यमानानि (vadhyamānāni) - being killed, being struck down, being afflicted

• सैन्यानि (sainyāni) - armies, troops, soldiers

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, entirely

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them, by those

• महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by the great charioteers, by the mighty warriors

• तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness, by gloom, by ignorance

• रजसा (rajasā) - by dust, by passion, by quality of activity

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, only

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, entirely

• विप्रदुद्रुवुः (vipradudruvuḥ) - they scattered, they fled in all directions

Words meanings and morphology

वध्यमानानि (vadhyamānāni) - being killed, being struck down, being afflicted

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being struck down, being afflicted

Present Passive Participle

Formed from root vadh (to strike, to kill) with ya suffix and śānac ending.

Root: vadh (class 1)

सैन्यानि (sainyāni) - armies, troops, soldiers

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - army, troop, military force

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, entirely

(indeclinable)

तैः (taiḥ) - by them, by those

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by the great charioteers, by the mighty warriors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, war-car, warrior (by extension)
  noun (masculine)

तमसा (tamasā) - by darkness, by gloom, by ignorance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, quality of inertia

रजसा (rajasā) - by dust, by passion, by quality of activity

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, gloom, passion, quality of activity

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, only

(indeclinable)

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides, all around, entirely

(indeclinable)

विप्रदुद्रुवुः (vipradudruvuḥ) - they scattered, they fled in all directions

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vipradru

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: dru (class 1)