महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-124, verse-3
दिष्ट्या पश्यामि संग्रामे तीर्णभारौ महारथौ ।
दिष्ट्या च निहतः पापः सैन्धवः पुरुषाधमः ॥३॥
दिष्ट्या च निहतः पापः सैन्धवः पुरुषाधमः ॥३॥
3. diṣṭyā paśyāmi saṁgrāme tīrṇabhārau mahārathau ,
diṣṭyā ca nihataḥ pāpaḥ saindhavaḥ puruṣādhamaḥ.
diṣṭyā ca nihataḥ pāpaḥ saindhavaḥ puruṣādhamaḥ.
3.
diṣṭyā paśyāmi saṃgrāme tīrṇabhārau mahārathau
diṣṭyā ca nihataḥ pāpaḥ saindhavaḥ puruṣādhamaḥ
diṣṭyā ca nihataḥ pāpaḥ saindhavaḥ puruṣādhamaḥ
3.
diṣṭyā saṃgrāme tīrṇabhārau mahārathau (aham) paśyāmi,
ca diṣṭyā pāpaḥ puruṣādhamaḥ saindhavaḥ nihataḥ (asti)
ca diṣṭyā pāpaḥ puruṣādhamaḥ saindhavaḥ nihataḥ (asti)
3.
Fortunately, I see the two great warriors (Arjuna and Kṛṣṇa) relieved of their burden in battle. And fortunately, the wicked Saindhava (Jayadratha), that wretch among men, has been slain.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately (fortunately, luckily, by good fortune)
- पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see (I see, I behold)
- संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle (in battle, in war, in conflict)
- तीर्णभारौ (tīrṇabhārau) - relieved of their burden (referring to Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna) (having crossed the burden (dual), relieved of their burden (dual))
- महारथौ (mahārathau) - two great warriors (Arjuna and Kṛṣṇa) (two great warriors, two chariot-fighters)
- दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately (fortunately, luckily, by good fortune)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- निहतः (nihataḥ) - has been slain (slain, killed, struck down)
- पापः (pāpaḥ) - the wicked one (wicked, sinful, evil; a wicked person)
- सैन्धवः (saindhavaḥ) - Saindhava (Jayadratha) (relating to Sindhu, a ruler of Sindhu, Jayadratha)
- पुरुषाधमः (puruṣādhamaḥ) - that wretch among men (lowest of men, wretch, vile person)
Words meanings and morphology
दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately (fortunately, luckily, by good fortune)
(indeclinable)
पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see (I see, I behold)
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś
Present tense, active voice, 1st person singular
`paśya` stem from root `dṛś` (4th class substitution).
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Subject is implied 'I'.
संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle (in battle, in war, in conflict)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma
saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict, fight
From `sam` + `grāma` (gathering of crowds for a fight).
तीर्णभारौ (tīrṇabhārau) - relieved of their burden (referring to Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna) (having crossed the burden (dual), relieved of their burden (dual))
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, dual of tīrṇabhāra
tīrṇabhāra - one who has crossed a burden, one who has fulfilled a task, relieved of burden
Bahuvrīhi compound.
Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (tīrṇa+bhāra)
- tīrṇa – crossed, passed, accomplished
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root `tṛ` (to cross, pass over).
Root: tṛ (class 1) - bhāra – burden, load, task
noun (masculine)
Root: bhṛ (class 1)
Note: Appears to modify an implied dual object, typically Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna.
महारथौ (mahārathau) - two great warriors (Arjuna and Kṛṣṇa) (two great warriors, two chariot-fighters)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of mahāratha
mahāratha - a great warrior, one who can fight ten thousand warriors from a single chariot, chief of charioteers
Karmadhāraya compound.
Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)
- mahā – great, large
adjective - ratha – chariot, warrior (who fights from a chariot)
noun (masculine)
Root: ram (class 1)
Note: Object of `paśyāmi`.
दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately (fortunately, luckily, by good fortune)
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
निहतः (nihataḥ) - has been slain (slain, killed, struck down)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata
nihata - slain, killed, destroyed, struck
Past Passive Participle
Formed from root `han` (to strike, kill) with prefix `ni`.
Prefix: ni
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Functions as the predicate here with an implied 'is'.
पापः (pāpaḥ) - the wicked one (wicked, sinful, evil; a wicked person)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpa
pāpa - evil, wicked, sinful, bad; sin, vice
सैन्धवः (saindhavaḥ) - Saindhava (Jayadratha) (relating to Sindhu, a ruler of Sindhu, Jayadratha)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saindhava
saindhava - belonging to or coming from the Sindhu region; a king of Sindhu; Jayadratha (the husband of Duśśalā, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's daughter)
Adjective/noun derived from Sindhu.
Note: Subject of `nihataḥ`.
पुरुषाधमः (puruṣādhamaḥ) - that wretch among men (lowest of men, wretch, vile person)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣādhama
puruṣādhama - lowest among men, meanest of men, a villain, a wretch
Tatpuruṣa compound (Puruṣeṣu adhamaḥ).
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+adhama)
- puruṣa – man, human being, person, male, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
noun (masculine) - adhama – lowest, vilest, worst
adjective