महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-109, verse-33

स विह्वलो महाराज कर्णो भीमबलार्दितः ।
प्राद्रवज्जवनैरश्वै रणं हित्वा महायशाः ॥३३॥

33. sa vihvalo mahārāja karṇo bhīmabalārditaḥ ,
prādravajjavanairaśvai raṇaṁ hitvā mahāyaśāḥ.

33. saḥ vihvalaḥ mahārāja karṇaḥ bhīmabalārditaḥ
prādravat javanaiḥ aśvaiḥ raṇam hitvā mahāyaśāḥ

33. mahārāja saḥ mahāyaśāḥ karṇaḥ vihvalaḥ
bhīmabalārditaḥ raṇam hitvā javanaiḥ aśvaiḥ prādravat

33. O great king, that highly renowned Karṇa, agitated and afflicted by Bhima's strength, fled away with swift horses, abandoning the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to Karṇa) (he, that)

• विह्वलः (vihvalaḥ) - agitated, bewildered (agitated, bewildered, confused, overcome)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Sañjaya) (O great king)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa, the son of Sūta, a prominent warrior (Karṇa (proper name))

• भीमबलार्दितः (bhīmabalārditaḥ) - severely pained by Bhima's power (afflicted by Bhima's strength)

• प्राद्रवत् (prādravat) - fled away (he fled, he ran away)

• जवनैः (javanaiḥ) - with swift (horses) (by swift, with swift)

• अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - with horses (by horses, with horses)

• रणम् (raṇam) - the battlefield (battle, combat)

• हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left)

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - the highly renowned (Karṇa) (highly renowned, very famous)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to Karṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'karṇaḥ'.

विह्वलः (vihvalaḥ) - agitated, bewildered (agitated, bewildered, confused, overcome)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihvala

vihvala - agitated, bewildered, confused, overcome, unsteady

Prefix: vi

Root: hval (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'karṇaḥ'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Sañjaya) (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārājan

mahārājan - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa, the son of Sūta, a prominent warrior (Karṇa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name); ear

Note: Subject of 'prādravat'.

भीमबलार्दितः (bhīmabalārditaḥ) - severely pained by Bhima's power (afflicted by Bhima's strength)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmabalārdita

bhīmabalārdita - afflicted by Bhima's strength

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (bhīmabala+ardita)

• bhīmabala – Bhima's strength
  noun (masculine)
• ardita – afflicted, pained, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ard.
  Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Describes Karṇa's state.

प्राद्रवत् (prādravat) - fled away (he fled, he ran away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of drav

Imperfect active 3rd singular.

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

जवनैः (javanaiḥ) - with swift (horses) (by swift, with swift)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of javana

javana - swift, quick, speedy

From root ju or jav.

Root: jū (class 1)

अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - with horses (by horses, with horses)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Instrument of fleeing.

रणम् (raṇam) - the battlefield (battle, combat)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'hitvā'.

हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having left)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with -tvā suffix from root hā (also hā + ktvā -> hitvā).

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Indicates a preceding action by the same subject.

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - the highly renowned (Karṇa) (highly renowned, very famous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - highly renowned, very famous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+yaśas)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• yaśas – fame, glory, renown
  noun (neuter)

Note: Emphasizes Karṇa's status despite his retreat.