महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-109, verse-23

तं गतासुमतिक्रम्य कृत्वा कर्णः प्रदक्षिणम् ।
दीर्घमुष्णं श्वसन्वीरो न किंचित्प्रत्यपद्यत ॥२३॥

23. taṁ gatāsumatikramya kṛtvā karṇaḥ pradakṣiṇam ,
dīrghamuṣṇaṁ śvasanvīro na kiṁcitpratyapadyata.

23. tam gatāsum atikramya kṛtvā karṇaḥ pradakṣiṇam
dīrgham uṣṇam śvasan vīraḥ na kiṃcit pratyapadyata

23. vīraḥ karṇaḥ gatāsum tam atikramya pradakṣiṇam
kṛtvā dīrgham uṣṇam śvasan kiṃcit na pratyapadyata

23. The hero Karna, having moved past the lifeless (Durmukha) and performed a solemn circumambulation, let out a long, hot sigh and was unable to do anything.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Durmukha) (him)

• गतासुम् (gatāsum) - the lifeless (Durmukha) (whose life had departed, dead, lifeless)

• अतिक्रम्य (atikramya) - having moved past (having passed by, having stepped over)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - a solemn circumambulation (circumambulation (clockwise), keeping to the right)

• दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long

• उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - hot, warm

• श्वसन् (śvasan) - sighing, breathing heavily

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, warrior

• न (na) - not, no

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything (anything, something, a little)

• प्रत्यपद्यत (pratyapadyata) - was able to do (anything) (understood, perceived, obtained, was able to do)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Durmukha) (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he

गतासुम् (gatāsum) - the lifeless (Durmukha) (whose life had departed, dead, lifeless)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gatāsu

gatāsu - dead, lifeless, whose breath has gone

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+asu)

• gata – gone, departed, past
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• asu – breath, life, vital air
  noun (masculine)

Note: agrees with tam (Durmukha)

अतिक्रम्य (atikramya) - having moved past (having passed by, having stepped over)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form from root kram with prefix ati

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name); ear

प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - a solemn circumambulation (circumambulation (clockwise), keeping to the right)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pradakṣiṇa

pradakṣiṇa - keeping the right side towards (something), circumambulation in a clockwise direction, respectful salutation

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (pra+dakṣiṇa)

• pra – forward, forth, very, intensely
  indeclinable
• dakṣiṇa – right (direction), southern, clever
  noun (masculine)

Note: functions adverbially with kṛtvā

दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīrgha

dīrgha - long, tall, deep

Note: adverbial accusative, modifying śvasan

उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - hot, warm

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uṣṇa

uṣṇa - hot, warm, passionate

Root: uṣ (class 1)

Note: adverbial accusative, modifying śvasan

श्वसन् (śvasan) - sighing, breathing heavily

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvasat

śvasat - breathing, sighing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root śvas (to breathe, sigh)

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: agrees with vīraḥ/Karnaḥ

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, warrior, man

Note: refers to Karna

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything (anything, something, a little)

(indeclinable)

formed from kim (what) + cit (indefinite particle)

प्रत्यपद्यत (pratyapadyata) - was able to do (anything) (understood, perceived, obtained, was able to do)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pad

Past Tense (Imperfect)

Imperfect, 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada), from root pad with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)