महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-4, verse-8

लुप्तप्रज्ञः परेणासि धर्मं दर्शय वै सुतान् ।
किं ते राज्येन दुर्धर्ष येन प्राप्तोऽसि किल्बिषम् ॥८॥

8. luptaprajñaḥ pareṇāsi dharmaṁ darśaya vai sutān ,
kiṁ te rājyena durdharṣa yena prāpto'si kilbiṣam.

8. luptaprajñaḥ pareṇa asi dharmam darśaya vai sutān
kim te rājyena durdharṣa yena prāptaḥ asi kilbiṣam

8. tvam pareṇa luptaprajñaḥ asi vai dharmam sutān darśaya
durdharṣa te rājyena kim yena kilbiṣam prāptaḥ asi

8. Your wisdom has been lost by another; indeed, show your sons the natural law (dharma). O unconquerable one, what use is this kingdom to you, by which you have incurred sin?

Words meanings summery:

• लुप्तप्रज्ञः (luptaprajñaḥ) - whose wisdom is lost, with lost intellect

• परेण (pareṇa) - by another, by an external influence (by another, by a superior, by an enemy, by fate)

• असि (asi) - you are

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

• दर्शय (darśaya) - teach (show, teach, cause to see)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, truly

• सुतान् (sutān) - your sons (sons, children)

• किम् (kim) - what use? (what, why, of what use)

• ते (te) - to you, for you (to you, your)

• राज्येन (rājyena) - by the kingdom, with the kingdom

• दुर्धर्ष (durdharṣa) - O unconquerable, O invincible

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - incurred (obtained, reached, incurred)

• असि (asi) - you are

• किल्बिषम् (kilbiṣam) - sin, fault, guilt, impurity

Words meanings and morphology

लुप्तप्रज्ञः (luptaprajñaḥ) - whose wisdom is lost, with lost intellect

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of luptaprajña

luptaprajña - whose wisdom is lost, with lost intellect

Compound type : bahuvrihi (lupta+prajñā)

• lupta – lost, disappeared, neglected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root lup (to break, cut off)
  Root: lup (class 6)
• prajñā – wisdom, intellect, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra

Note: Predicative adjective for the implied 'you' (asi).

परेण (pareṇa) - by another, by an external influence (by another, by a superior, by an enemy, by fate)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of para

para - other, another, supreme, enemy, distant

Note: Agent in a passive construction (your wisdom is lost *by* another).

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `darśaya`.

दर्शय (darśaya) - teach (show, teach, cause to see)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Causative

Causative stem darśaya- from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, truly

(indeclinable)

सुतान् (sutān) - your sons (sons, children)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of suta

suta - son, child

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sū (to beget)

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Object of `darśaya`.

किम् (kim) - what use? (what, why, of what use)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, of what use

Note: Used here to ask about the utility of the kingdom.

ते (te) - to you, for you (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

राज्येन (rājyena) - by the kingdom, with the kingdom

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, kingship

Note: Used with `kim` to express 'what use is X by means of Y'.

दुर्धर्ष (durdharṣa) - O unconquerable, O invincible

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of durdharṣa

durdharṣa - unconquerable, irresistible, difficult to attack

Compound type : prādi (dur+dharṣa)

• dur – hard, difficult, bad
  indeclinable
• dharṣa – daring, boldness, assault
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dhṛṣ (to be bold, to dare)
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Term of address.

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to `rājyena`.

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - incurred (obtained, reached, incurred)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, gained, incurred

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with the implied 'you' (tvam).

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

किल्बिषम् (kilbiṣam) - sin, fault, guilt, impurity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kilbiṣa

kilbiṣa - sin, fault, guilt, impurity, crime

Note: Object of `prāptaḥ`.