महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-4, verse-35

न बाहुल्येन सेनाया जयो भवति भारत ।
अध्रुवो हि जयो नाम दैवं चात्र परायणम् ।
जयन्तो ह्यपि संग्रामे क्षयवन्तो भवन्त्युत ॥३५॥

35. na bāhulyena senāyā jayo bhavati bhārata ,
adhruvo hi jayo nāma daivaṁ cātra parāyaṇam ,
jayanto hyapi saṁgrāme kṣayavanto bhavantyuta.

35. na bāhulyena senāyāḥ jayaḥ bhavati
bhārata adhruvaḥ hi jayaḥ nāma daivam
ca atra parāyaṇam jayantaḥ hi api
saṃgrāme kṣayavantaḥ bhavanti uta

35. bhārata,
senāyāḥ jayaḥ bāhulyena na bhavati.
hi jayaḥ nāma adhruvaḥ,
ca atra daivam parāyaṇam.
hi api saṃgrāme jayantaḥ uta kṣayavantaḥ bhavanti.

35. Victory for an army, O Bhārata, does not come from sheer numbers (bāhulya). Indeed, victory (jaya) is uncertain, and divine will (daiva) is the ultimate resort here. Moreover, even those who are victorious in battle can become subject to destruction.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• बाहुल्येन (bāhulyena) - by multitude, by numerical strength, by abundance

• सेनायाः (senāyāḥ) - of the army

• जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph

• भवति (bhavati) - happens, occurs, becomes, is

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• अध्रुवः (adhruvaḥ) - uncertain, impermanent, transient

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph

• नाम (nāma) - Emphatic, or used to introduce a general concept. (indeed, by name, called)

• दैवम् (daivam) - divine will, destiny, fate

• च (ca) - and, also

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter, in this place

• परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - ultimate support (ultimate refuge, chief resort, final goal)

• जयन्तः (jayantaḥ) - conquering, victorious ones

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in conflict

• क्षयवन्तः (kṣayavantaḥ) - subject to destruction, perishing, diminishing

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

• उत (uta) - and, moreover, indeed

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

बाहुल्येन (bāhulyena) - by multitude, by numerical strength, by abundance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bāhulya

bāhulya - abundance, multitude, numerical strength

From bahula (numerous) + sya (suffix for abstract noun)

सेनायाः (senāyāḥ) - of the army

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, military force

Note: Also ablative singular. Context indicates genitive.

जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

From root ji (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Refers to victory (jaya).

भवति (bhavati) - happens, occurs, becomes, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Present Active Indicative

1st class verb

Root: bhū (class 1)

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

अध्रुवः (adhruvaḥ) - uncertain, impermanent, transient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhruva

adhruva - uncertain, impermanent, transient, not firm

a- (negation) + dhruva (firm)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dhruva)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• dhruva – firm, fixed, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: dhru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `jayaḥ`.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

From root ji (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Refers to victory (jaya).

नाम (nāma) - Emphatic, or used to introduce a general concept. (indeed, by name, called)

(indeclinable)

Note: `nāma` here is an emphatic particle, equivalent to 'so-called' or 'indeed'.

दैवम् (daivam) - divine will, destiny, fate

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - divine will, fate, destiny, what comes from the gods

Derived from deva (god)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter, in this place

(indeclinable)

From pronoun idaṃ (this) + suffix -tra

परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - ultimate support (ultimate refuge, chief resort, final goal)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parāyaṇa

parāyaṇa - ultimate refuge, chief resort, supreme support, final destination

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+ayaṇa)

• para – supreme, ultimate, highest
  adjective (masculine)
• ayaṇa – going, course, resort
  noun (neuter)
  From root i (to go) + suffix ana
  Root: i (class 2)

जयन्तः (jayantaḥ) - conquering, victorious ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jayant

jayant - conquering, victorious

Present Active Participle

From root ji (to conquer) with present participle suffix -at

Root: ji (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: gram

क्षयवन्तः (kṣayavantaḥ) - subject to destruction, perishing, diminishing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣayavat

kṣayavat - having destruction, subject to decay, perishable, diminishing

From kṣaya (destruction) + mat/vat suffix (possessive)

Root: kṣi (class 1)

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Present Active Indicative

1st class verb

Root: bhū (class 1)

उत (uta) - and, moreover, indeed

(indeclinable)