महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-4, verse-31

संभृत्य महतीं सेनां चतुरङ्गां महीपतिः ।
उपायपूर्वं मेधावी यतेत सततोत्थितः ॥३१॥

31. saṁbhṛtya mahatīṁ senāṁ caturaṅgāṁ mahīpatiḥ ,
upāyapūrvaṁ medhāvī yateta satatotthitaḥ.

31. saṃbhṛtya mahatīm senām caturangām mahīpatiḥ
upāyapūrvam medhāvī yateta satatotthitaḥ

31. medhāvī satatotthitaḥ mahīpatiḥ mahatīm
caturangām senām saṃbhṛtya upāyapūrvam yateta

31. An intelligent and constantly vigilant ruler, after assembling a great four-component (caturanga) army, should always exert effort primarily through strategic means.

Words meanings summery:

• संभृत्य (saṁbhṛtya) - having gathered, having collected

• महतीम् (mahatīm) - great, large

• सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

• चतुरन्गाम् (caturangām) - four-limbed, four-component (referring to army divisions: chariots, elephants, cavalry, infantry)

• महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king, ruler (lord of the earth)

• उपायपूर्वम् (upāyapūrvam) - preceded by strategy, through strategic means

• मेधावी (medhāvī) - intelligent, wise

• यतेत (yateta) - he should strive, he should exert effort

• सततोत्थितः (satatotthitaḥ) - constantly active, ever vigilant

Words meanings and morphology

संभृत्य (saṁbhṛtya) - having gathered, having collected

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form with upasarga 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

महतीम् (mahatīm) - great, large

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Note: Agrees with senām

सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, weapon

चतुरन्गाम् (caturangām) - four-limbed, four-component (referring to army divisions: chariots, elephants, cavalry, infantry)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of caturanga

caturanga - four-limbed, consisting of four parts (esp. an army of chariots, elephants, cavalry, and infantry)

Compound type : dvigu (catur+anga)

• catur – four
  numeral
• anga – limb, component, part, division
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with senām

महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king, ruler (lord of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, ruler, lord of the earth

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

उपायपूर्वम् (upāyapūrvam) - preceded by strategy, through strategic means

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upāyapūrva

upāyapūrva - preceded by means, accompanied by strategy, primarily through strategy

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (upāya+pūrva)

• upāya – means, expedient, strategy
  noun (masculine)
• pūrva – preceded by, prior, former
  adjective

Note: Used adverbially

मेधावी (medhāvī) - intelligent, wise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of medhāvin

medhāvin - intelligent, wise, sagacious

Possessive suffix '-vin' applied to 'medhā'

Note: Agrees with mahīpatiḥ

यतेत (yateta) - he should strive, he should exert effort

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of yat

Root: yat (class 1)

सततोत्थितः (satatotthitaḥ) - constantly active, ever vigilant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satatotthita

satatotthita - constantly active, ever vigilant, always arisen

Compound type : karmadhāraya (satata+utthita)

• satata – constant, continuous, always
  adjective
• utthita – risen, arisen, active, prepared
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root 'sthā' with upasarga 'ud'
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mahīpatiḥ