महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-4, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तो मुनिस्तत्त्वं कवीन्द्रो राजसत्तम ।
पुत्रेण धृतराष्ट्रेण ध्यानमन्वगमत्परम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamukto munistattvaṁ kavīndro rājasattama ,
putreṇa dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa dhyānamanvagamatparam.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca evam uktaḥ muniḥ tattvam kavīndraḥ
rājasattama putreṇa dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa dhyānam anvagamat param

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca rājasattama putreṇa dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa evam
uktaḥ kavīndraḥ muniḥ param dhyānam tattvam anvagamat

1. Vaiśampaāyana said: O best of kings, when thus addressed by Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the son, the sage, chief among poets, entered into profound meditation (dhyāna).

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator, a disciple of Vyasa. (Vaiśampaāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed, spoken, said

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - Refers to Vidura. (sage, ascetic, holy man)

• तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - ultimate truth (truth, reality, essence)

• कवीन्द्रः (kavīndraḥ) - Refers to Vidura, known for his wisdom and eloquent speech. (chief of poets, best of poets)

• राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - Vocative, addressed by Vaiśampaāyana to Janamejaya. (O best of kings)

• पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - By Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who is referred to as 'the son' (of Vyasa/Vichitravirya). (by the son)

• धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - by Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - profound meditation (dhyāna) (meditation, contemplation)

• अन्वगमत् (anvagamat) - entered into, resorted to (meditation) (resorted to, followed, entered into)

• परम् (param) - profound, supreme (meditation) (supreme, highest, excellent)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - The narrator, a disciple of Vyasa. (Vaiśampaāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampaāyana (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd singular active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed, spoken, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed

Past Passive Participle

PPP of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

मुनिः (muniḥ) - Refers to Vidura. (sage, ascetic, holy man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic

तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - ultimate truth (truth, reality, essence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, essence, principle

Note: It is the object of 'anvagamat'.

कवीन्द्रः (kavīndraḥ) - Refers to Vidura, known for his wisdom and eloquent speech. (chief of poets, best of poets)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kavīndra

kavīndra - chief of poets

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kavi+indra)

• kavi – poet, wise man, sage
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to muniḥ.

राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - Vocative, addressed by Vaiśampaāyana to Janamejaya. (O best of kings)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājasattama

rājasattama - best of kings

Superlative of rājan

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+sattama)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama

पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - By Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who is referred to as 'the son' (of Vyasa/Vichitravirya). (by the son)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Acts as an appositive to Dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa.

धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - by Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name)

Note: Acts as the agent for 'uktaḥ'.

ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - profound meditation (dhyāna) (meditation, contemplation)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhyāna

dhyāna - meditation, contemplation

Note: Object of 'anvagamat'.

अन्वगमत् (anvagamat) - entered into, resorted to (meditation) (resorted to, followed, entered into)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of gam

Aorist Active

Aorist 3rd singular active of √gam with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

परम् (param) - profound, supreme (meditation) (supreme, highest, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, ultimate, other

Note: Qualifies 'dhyānam'.