महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-4, verse-33

परस्परज्ञाः संहृष्टा व्यवधूताः सुनिश्चिताः ।
पञ्चाशदपि ये शूरा मथ्नन्ति महतीं चमूम् ।
अथ वा पञ्च षट्सप्त विजयन्त्यनिवर्तिनः ॥३३॥

33. parasparajñāḥ saṁhṛṣṭā vyavadhūtāḥ suniścitāḥ ,
pañcāśadapi ye śūrā mathnanti mahatīṁ camūm ,
atha vā pañca ṣaṭsapta vijayantyanivartinaḥ.

33. parasparajñāḥ saṃhṛṣṭāḥ vyavadhūtāḥ
suniścitāḥ pañcāśat api ye śūrāḥ
mathnanti mahatīm camūm atha vā
pañca ṣaṭ sapta vijayanti anivartinaḥ

33. ye parasparajñāḥ saṃhṛṣṭāḥ vyavadhūtāḥ
suniścitāḥ śūrāḥ pañcāśat api
mahatīm camūm mathnanti atha vā
pañca ṣaṭ sapta anivartinaḥ vijayanti

33. Mutually acquainted, courageous, resolute, and very firm in their resolve, even fifty heroes can destroy a great army. Alternatively, even five, six, or seven unyielding warriors can achieve victory.

Words meanings summery:

• परस्परज्ञाः (parasparajñāḥ) - mutually acquainted, knowing each other

• संहृष्टाः (saṁhṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, joyful, courageous

• व्यवधूताः (vyavadhūtāḥ) - resolute, determined, dispersed, scattered

• सुनिश्चिताः (suniścitāḥ) - very firm, well-determined, resolute

• पञ्चाशत् (pañcāśat) - fifty

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• ये (ye) - who (plural)

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave men, warriors

• मथ्नन्ति (mathnanti) - they destroy, they churn, they agitate

• महतीम् (mahatīm) - great, large, mighty

• चमूम् (camūm) - army, host

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• वा (vā) - or, alternatively

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• षट् (ṣaṭ) - six

• सप्त (sapta) - seven

• विजयन्ति (vijayanti) - they conquer, they achieve victory

• अनिवर्तिनः (anivartinaḥ) - non-retreating, unyielding, steadfast

Words meanings and morphology

परस्परज्ञाः (parasparajñāḥ) - mutually acquainted, knowing each other

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parasparajña

parasparajña - knowing each other, mutually acquainted

Compound type : tatpurusha (paraspara+jña)

• paraspara – mutual, reciprocal
  adjective (masculine)
• jña – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jñā (to know) + ka suffix
  Root: jñā (class 9)

संहृष्टाः (saṁhṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, joyful, courageous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃhṛṣṭa

saṁhṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, courageous

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛṣ (to rejoice) with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

व्यवधूताः (vyavadhūtāḥ) - resolute, determined, dispersed, scattered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyavadhūta

vyavadhūta - resolute, determined, firm, scattered

Past Passive Participle

From root dhū (to shake, agitate) with prefixes vi- and ava-

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: dhū (class 9)

सुनिश्चिताः (suniścitāḥ) - very firm, well-determined, resolute

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suniścita

suniścita - very firm, well-determined, resolute

Past Passive Participle

From root ci (to gather) with prefix ni- and su- (intensive)

Prefixes: su+ni

Root: ci (class 5)

पञ्चाशत् (pañcāśat) - fifty

(numeral)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - who (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave men, warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave man, warrior

मथ्नन्ति (mathnanti) - they destroy, they churn, they agitate

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of math

Present Active Indicative

9th class verb

Root: math (class 9)

महतीम् (mahatīm) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Feminine form of mahat

चमूम् (camūm) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of camū

camū - army, host, troop

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, alternatively

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

षट् (ṣaṭ) - six

(numeral)

Note: Original form is ṣaṣ, ṣaṭ is sandhi form before voiced consonants.

सप्त (sapta) - seven

(numeral)

विजयन्ति (vijayanti) - they conquer, they achieve victory

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vijay

Present Active Indicative

From root ji (to conquer) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

अनिवर्तिनः (anivartinaḥ) - non-retreating, unyielding, steadfast

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anivartin

anivartin - non-retreating, unyielding, steadfast

From root vṛt (to turn) with prefixes ni- and a- (negation)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nivartin)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• nivartin – one who retreats/returns
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root vṛt with prefix ni, suffix -in
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)