महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-4, verse-21

हृष्टा वाचस्तथा सत्त्वं योधानां यत्र भारत ।
न म्लायन्ते स्रजश्चैव ते तरन्ति रणे रिपून् ॥२१॥

21. hṛṣṭā vācastathā sattvaṁ yodhānāṁ yatra bhārata ,
na mlāyante srajaścaiva te taranti raṇe ripūn.

21. hṛṣṭāḥ vācaḥ tathā sattvam yodhānām yatra bhārata
na mlāyante srajaḥ ca eva te taranti raṇe ripūn

21. bhārata yatra yodhānām vācaḥ hṛṣṭāḥ tathā sattvam (hṛṣṭam) ca eva srajaḥ na mlāyante,
te raṇe ripūn taranti

21. O Bhārata, where the warriors' words are joyful and their spirit (sattva) is strong, and their garlands do not wither, they certainly overcome their enemies in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, joyful, pleased

• वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches

• तथा (tathā) - and (similarly, thus, and, also)

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - spirit (sattva) (essence, spirit, strength, goodness)

• योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of the warriors, of the fighters

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which (place)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata, descendant of Bharata

• न (na) - not, no

• म्लायन्ते (mlāyante) - they wither, they fade

• स्रजः (srajaḥ) - garlands, wreaths

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, certainly, just, only)

• ते (te) - they

• तरन्ति (taranti) - they overcome (they overcome, they cross over, they pass through)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies, foes

Words meanings and morphology

हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, joyful, pleased

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, pleased, gladdened, satisfied

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root hṛṣ, 'to be glad', with suffix -ta.

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vācaḥ'.

वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speeches

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice, language

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - and (similarly, thus, and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'vācaḥ' and 'sattvam'.

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - spirit (sattva) (essence, spirit, strength, goodness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - existence, essence, spirit, strength, goodness, reality, living being

Derived from root as 'to be', with suffix -tva.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used here in the sense of 'spirit' or 'courage'.

योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of the warriors, of the fighters

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

Derived from root yudh 'to fight'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'vācaḥ' and 'sattvam'.

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which (place)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun ya.

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata, descendant of Bharata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, a king of the lunar dynasty

Patronymic from Bharata.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

म्लायन्ते (mlāyante) - they wither, they fade

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of mlai

Present tense, middle voice.

Root mlai (1A, mlāyati/mlāyate). Here, middle voice.

Root: mlai (class 1)

स्रजः (srajaḥ) - garlands, wreaths

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sraj

sraj - garland, wreath, string of flowers

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Subject of 'na mlāyante'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly (indeed, certainly, just, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Adds emphasis.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'taranti'.

तरन्ति (taranti) - they overcome (they overcome, they cross over, they pass through)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of tṛ

Present tense, active voice.

Root tṛ (1P, tarati).

Root: tṛ (class 1)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war, conflict

From root raṇ 'to delight, to sound'.

Root: raṇ (class 1)

रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies, foes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe, rival

Root: rip (class 6)

Note: Object of 'taranti'.