महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-117, verse-17

ब्रह्मण्यः सत्यवादी च तेजसार्क इवापरः ।
देवगर्भोऽजितः संख्ये मनुष्यैरधिको भुवि ॥१७॥

17. brahmaṇyaḥ satyavādī ca tejasārka ivāparaḥ ,
devagarbho'jitaḥ saṁkhye manuṣyairadhiko bhuvi.

17. brahmaṇyaḥ satya-vādī ca tejasā arkaḥ iva aparaḥ
deva-garbhaḥ ajitaḥ saṃkhye manuṣyaiḥ adhikaḥ bhuvi

17. brahmaṇyaḥ satya-vādī ca tejasā aparaḥ arkaḥ iva
deva-garbhaḥ saṃkhye ajitaḥ manuṣyaiḥ adhikaḥ bhuvi

17. He is devoted to sacred knowledge, truthful, and like a second sun in his radiance. Of divine origin and unconquered in battle, he is superior among men on earth.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मण्यः (brahmaṇyaḥ) - devoted to sacred knowledge/duties (devout, pious, devoted to Brahmins/Vedas, holy)

• सत्य-वादी (satya-vādī) - truthful (truth-speaker, truthful)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तेजसा (tejasā) - by his radiance (by radiance, by splendor, by power)

• अर्कः (arkaḥ) - sun (sun, ray, praise)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अपरः (aparaḥ) - another, a second (sun) (other, another, second, inferior)

• देव-गर्भः (deva-garbhaḥ) - of divine origin (referring to Karna, son of Surya) (having a god for an embryo, of divine origin, born of a god)

• अजितः (ajitaḥ) - unconquered (unconquered, invincible, unsubdued)

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in fight, in number, in calculation)

• मनुष्यैः (manuṣyaiḥ) - among men (by men, among men)

• अधिकः (adhikaḥ) - superior (superior, greater, abundant, excelling)

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth (on earth, in the world, on the ground)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मण्यः (brahmaṇyaḥ) - devoted to sacred knowledge/duties (devout, pious, devoted to Brahmins/Vedas, holy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmaṇya

brahmaṇya - devoted to sacred knowledge (brahman), devoted to Brahmins, pious, righteous

From `brahman` with `ya` suffix.

सत्य-वादी (satya-vādī) - truthful (truth-speaker, truthful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satya-vādin

satya-vādin - speaking the truth, truthful, veracious

agent noun

Compound of `satya` (truth) and `vādin` (speaker). `vādin` derived from root `vad` (to speak) + `ṇin`.

Compound type : tatpurusha (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, true, reality
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 2)
• vādin – speaking, telling, one who speaks
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root `vad` with suffix `-ṇin`.
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular of an `in`-stem noun/adjective.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तेजसा (tejasā) - by his radiance (by radiance, by splendor, by power)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - sharpness, splendor, radiance, power, energy, spiritual energy

From root `tij` (to be sharp).

Root: tij

अर्कः (arkaḥ) - sun (sun, ray, praise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arka

arka - sun, sun god, ray, copper, crystal

From root `arc` (to praise, to shine).

Root: arc (class 1)

Note: Part of the simile 'like another sun'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अपरः (aparaḥ) - another, a second (sun) (other, another, second, inferior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, second, subsequent, inferior

देव-गर्भः (deva-garbhaḥ) - of divine origin (referring to Karna, son of Surya) (having a god for an embryo, of divine origin, born of a god)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva-garbha

deva-garbha - having a god for an embryo, sprung from a god, of divine origin, god-born

Bahuvrihi compound of `deva` (god) and `garbha` (embryo, womb).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (deva+garbha)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• garbha – womb, embryo, fetus, interior, origin
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Karna.

अजितः (ajitaḥ) - unconquered (unconquered, invincible, unsubdued)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajita

ajita - unconquered, unsurpassed, invincible, unsubdued

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `ji` (to conquer) with prefix `a-` (negation) and suffix `kta`.

Prefix: a

Root: ji (class 1)

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in fight, in number, in calculation)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of saṃkhyā

saṁkhyā - enumeration, calculation, number, battle, fight

From `sam-khyā` (to count, to calculate).

Prefix: sam

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Locative for place/sphere of action.

मनुष्यैः (manuṣyaiḥ) - among men (by men, among men)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being

From `manu` (man) + `ṣya` suffix.

Note: Used with `adhikaḥ`.

अधिकः (adhikaḥ) - superior (superior, greater, abundant, excelling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhika

adhika - exceeding, abundant, superior, additional, greater, excelling

From `adhi` (over, above) + `ka` suffix (or `adhi-√i` + `aka`).

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Used with instrumental for comparison.

भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth (on earth, in the world, on the ground)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, land, world

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to the sphere of existence.