महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-101, verse-31

मद्रराजोऽपि तान्सर्वानाजघान त्रिभिस्त्रिभिः ।
युधिष्ठिरं पुनः षष्ट्या विव्याध निशितैः शरैः ।
माद्रीपुत्रौ च संरब्धौ द्वाभ्यां द्वाभ्यामताडयत् ॥३१॥

31. madrarājo'pi tānsarvānājaghāna tribhistribhiḥ ,
yudhiṣṭhiraṁ punaḥ ṣaṣṭyā vivyādha niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
mādrīputrau ca saṁrabdhau dvābhyāṁ dvābhyāmatāḍayat.

31. madrarājaḥ api tān sarvān ājaghāna
tribhiḥ tribhiḥ yudhiṣṭhiram punaḥ ṣaṣṭyā
vivyādha niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ mādrīputrau
ca saṃrabdhau dvābhyām dvābhyām atāḍayat

31. api madrarājaḥ tān sarvān tribhiḥ tribhiḥ
ājaghāna punaḥ yudhiṣṭhiram ṣaṣṭyā
niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ vivyādha ca saṃrabdhau
mādrīputrau dvābhyām dvābhyām atāḍayat

31. However, the King of Madra also struck all of them with three arrows each. Then, he again pierced Yudhishthira with sixty sharp arrows. Furthermore, he struck the two enraged sons of Madri (Nakula and Sahadeva) with two arrows each.

Words meanings summery:

• मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - the King of Madra (Salya) (the king of Madras)

• अपि (api) - also, however (also, even, moreover, too)

• तान् (tān) - them (referring to Yudhishthira, Nakula, and Sahadeva from the previous verse) (them (masculine accusative plural))

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (all, all of them)

• आजघान (ājaghāna) - struck (struck, hit)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three each (with three)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

• पुनः (punaḥ) - then, again (again, further, moreover, then)

• षष्ट्या (ṣaṣṭyā) - with sixty

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (pierced, struck)

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp (with sharp, with sharpened)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• माद्रीपुत्रौ (mādrīputrau) - the two sons of Madri (Nakula and Sahadeva) (the two sons of Madri)

• च (ca) - furthermore (and, also, moreover)

• संरब्धौ (saṁrabdhau) - enraged (enraged, furious, agitated)

• द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - with two

• द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - with two each (with two)

• अताडयत् (atāḍayat) - struck (struck, beat)

Words meanings and morphology

मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - the King of Madra (Salya) (the king of Madras)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of the Madras, a ruler of the Madra kingdom (Salya)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rāja)

• madra – name of a country or its people
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

अपि (api) - also, however (also, even, moreover, too)

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - them (referring to Yudhishthira, Nakula, and Sahadeva from the previous verse) (them (masculine accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (all, all of them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Qualifies `tān`.

आजघान (ājaghāna) - struck (struck, hit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of han

perfect active

Form of √han in perfect tense with upasarga ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three

(numeral)

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three each (with three)

(numeral)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle; name of the eldest Pandava

Compound of yudhi (in battle) and sthira (firm, steady).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable (locative form) (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

पुनः (punaḥ) - then, again (again, further, moreover, then)

(indeclinable)

षष्ट्या (ṣaṣṭyā) - with sixty

(numeral)

Note: The number sixty itself is treated as a feminine singular noun.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced (pierced, struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vyādh

perfect active

Form of √vyadh (to pierce, strike) in perfect tense.

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp (with sharp, with sharpened)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, keen

Past Passive Participle

From ni + √śā (to sharpen, whet).

Prefix: ni

Root: śā (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `śaraiḥ`.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, dart

Root: śṛ (class 1)

माद्रीपुत्रौ (mādrīputrau) - the two sons of Madri (Nakula and Sahadeva) (the two sons of Madri)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of mādrīputra

mādrīputra - son of Madri (Nakula or Sahadeva)

Compound meaning "son of Madri".

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mādrī+putra)

• mādrī – Madri, wife of Pandu
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
  Root: puṣ (class 4)

Note: Refers to Nakula and Sahadeva.

च (ca) - furthermore (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

संरब्धौ (saṁrabdhau) - enraged (enraged, furious, agitated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of saṃrabdha

saṁrabdha - enraged, furious, agitated, provoked

Past Passive Participle

From sam + √rabh (to seize, begin, be eager/angry).

Prefix: sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - with two

(numeral)

Note: Refers to two arrows.

द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - with two each (with two)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to two arrows each.

अताडयत् (atāḍayat) - struck (struck, beat)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of tāḍay

Imp. Active (causative)

Form of √taḍ (to strike) in causative stem (tāḍay) with imperfect tense (laṅ).

Root: taḍ (class 1)