महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-101, verse-15

वेगवद्भिर्हयैस्तैस्तु क्षोभितं पाण्डवं बलम् ।
निपतद्भिर्महावेगैर्हंसैरिव महत्सरः ।
हेषतां चैव शब्देन न प्राज्ञायत किंचन ॥१५॥

15. vegavadbhirhayaistaistu kṣobhitaṁ pāṇḍavaṁ balam ,
nipatadbhirmahāvegairhaṁsairiva mahatsaraḥ ,
heṣatāṁ caiva śabdena na prājñāyata kiṁcana.

15. vegavadbhiḥ hayaiḥ taiḥ tu kṣobhitam
pāṇḍavam balam nipatadbhiḥ mahāvegaiḥ
haṃsaiḥ iva mahat saraḥ heṣatām
ca eva śabdena na prājñāyata kiñcana

15. tu taiḥ vegavadbhiḥ hayaiḥ pāṇḍavam balam kṣobhitam (abhūt); iva mahāvegaiḥ nipatadbhiḥ haṃsaiḥ mahat saraḥ [kṣobhitam].
eva ca heṣatām śabdena kiñcana na prājñāyata.

15. By those swift horses, the Pandava army was agitated, just as a great lake might be disturbed by swiftly descending swans. And with the sound of their neighing, nothing at all could be discerned.

Words meanings summery:

• वेगवद्भिः (vegavadbhiḥ) - by those swift (horses) (by those swift, by those having speed)

• हयैः (hayaiḥ) - by horses

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (horses) (by those)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, yet)

• क्षोभितम् (kṣobhitam) - agitated (the army) (agitated, disturbed, shaken)

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Pandava (army) (Pandava, relating to the Pandavas)

• बलम् (balam) - army (army, strength, force)

• निपतद्भिः (nipatadbhiḥ) - by those descending (swans) (by those descending, by those falling down)

• महावेगैः (mahāvegaiḥ) - by very swift (swans) (by those of great speed, by very swift ones)

• हंसैः (haṁsaiḥ) - by swans (by swans, by geese)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large)

• सरः (saraḥ) - lake (lake, pond)

• हेषताम् (heṣatām) - of their neighing (horses) (of those neighing)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

• शब्देन (śabdena) - by the sound (by the sound, by the word)

• न (na) - not

• प्राज्ञायत (prājñāyata) - could be discerned (was known, was discerned, was perceived)

• किञ्चन (kiñcana) - anything at all (anything, whatsoever, something)

Words meanings and morphology

वेगवद्भिः (vegavadbhiḥ) - by those swift (horses) (by those swift, by those having speed)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vegavat

vegavat - swift, rapid, fast, having speed

Possessive suffix matup

Note: Agrees with 'hayaiḥ' and 'taiḥ'.

हयैः (hayaiḥ) - by horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (horses) (by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the horses mentioned.

तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes or introduces a new clause.

क्षोभितम् (kṣobhitam) - agitated (the army) (agitated, disturbed, shaken)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣobhita

kṣobhita - agitated, disturbed, shaken

Past Passive Participle

From kṣubh (to be agitated, to stir)

Root: kṣubh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Pandava (army) (Pandava, relating to the Pandavas)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, relating to the Pāṇḍavas

Derivative of Pāṇḍu

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

बलम् (balam) - army (army, strength, force)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troop

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'kṣobhitam' (implied 'abhūt').

निपतद्भिः (nipatadbhiḥ) - by those descending (swans) (by those descending, by those falling down)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nipatat

nipatat - falling down, descending, alighting

Present Active Participle

From ni-pat (to fall down, to descend)

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

महावेगैः (mahāvegaiḥ) - by very swift (swans) (by those of great speed, by very swift ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāvega

mahāvega - great speed, very swift, powerful impulse

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• vega – speed, velocity, force
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'haṃsaiḥ'.

हंसैः (haṁsaiḥ) - by swans (by swans, by geese)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of haṃsa

haṁsa - swan, goose, a kind of mythical bird, the sun

Note: Agent in the simile.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, strong, important

Note: Agrees with 'saraḥ'.

सरः (saraḥ) - lake (lake, pond)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saras

saras - lake, pond, pool, water

Note: Object of implied "kṣobhitam" in the simile.

हेषताम् (heṣatām) - of their neighing (horses) (of those neighing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of heṣat

heṣat - neighing, snorting

Present Active Participle

From heṣ (to neigh)

Root: heṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the neighing horses.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

शब्देन (śabdena) - by the sound (by the sound, by the word)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, voice

Root: śabd (class 10)

Note: Instrument of the action 'na prājñāyata'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

प्राज्ञायत (prājñāyata) - could be discerned (was known, was discerned, was perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperfect (laṅ) of jñā

Imperfect tense, passive voice

From pra-jñā (to know, to discern thoroughly)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: The passive voice means 'it was discerned' or 'it could be discerned.'

किञ्चन (kiñcana) - anything at all (anything, whatsoever, something)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kiñcana

kiñcana - anything, something, whatsoever

Formed from 'kim' + 'cana'

Note: Acts as the subject of 'prājñāyata'.