महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-101, verse-14

उत्पतद्भिश्च तैस्तत्र समुद्धूतं महद्रजः ।
दिवाकरपथं प्राप्य छादयामास भास्करम् ॥१४॥

14. utpatadbhiśca taistatra samuddhūtaṁ mahadrajaḥ ,
divākarapathaṁ prāpya chādayāmāsa bhāskaram.

14. utpatadbhiḥ ca taiḥ tatra samuddhūtam mahat rajaḥ
divākarapatham prāpya chādayām āsa bhāskaram

14. tatra utpatadbhiḥ taiḥ ca mahat rajaḥ samuddhūtam
divākarapatham prāpya bhāskaram chādayām āsa

14. And by those (horses) leaping up, a great dust was raised there. Reaching the path of the sun, it completely obscured the sun.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्पतद्भिः (utpatadbhiḥ) - by those (horses) leaping up (by those leaping up, by those flying up)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (horses) (by those)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (on the battlefield) (there, in that place)

• समुद्धूतम् (samuddhūtam) - raised (dust) (raised, stirred up, tossed up)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, vast)

• रजः (rajaḥ) - dust (dust, pollen, gloom)

• दिवाकरपथम् (divākarapatham) - path of the sun

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached (having reached, having attained)

• छादयाम् (chādayām) - covered (covered, obscured)

• आस (āsa) - did (auxiliary) (became, was)

• भास्करम् (bhāskaram) - the sun

Words meanings and morphology

उत्पतद्भिः (utpatadbhiḥ) - by those (horses) leaping up (by those leaping up, by those flying up)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of utpatat

utpatat - leaping up, flying up, rising

Present Active Participle

From ut-pat (to fly up, to leap up)

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'taiḥ' (those).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (horses) (by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the horses implied from context.

तत्र (tatra) - there (on the battlefield) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from 'tad'

समुद्धूतम् (samuddhūtam) - raised (dust) (raised, stirred up, tossed up)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samuddhūta

samuddhūta - raised, stirred up, agitated

Past Passive Participle

From sam-ut-dhū (to shake up, to stir up)

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'rajaḥ'.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, vast)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, strong, important

Note: Agrees with 'rajaḥ'.

रजः (rajaḥ) - dust (dust, pollen, gloom)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, gloom, impurity, passion

Note: Subject of the sentence.

दिवाकरपथम् (divākarapatham) - path of the sun

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of divākarapatha

divākarapatha - path of the sun

Compound type : tatpurusha (divākara+patha)

• divākara – sun, day-maker
  noun (masculine)
• patha – path, way, road
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'prāpya'.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached (having reached, having attained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From pra-āp (to obtain, to reach)

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

छादयाम् (chādayām) - covered (covered, obscured)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (ām-pratyaya) of chādayām

Secondary conjugation (periphrastic perfect auxiliary)

Part of a periphrastic perfect (ām-pratyaya with the root)

Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Used with 'āsa' to form the periphrastic perfect.

आस (āsa) - did (auxiliary) (became, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of as

Perfect tense, auxiliary verb

From as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Forms a periphrastic perfect with 'chādayām'.

भास्करम् (bhāskaram) - the sun

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāskara

bhāskara - sun, light-maker

Note: Object of 'chādayām āsa'.