महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-82, verse-16

पश्यन्बहुपशून्ग्रामान्रम्यान्हृदयतोषणान् ।
पुराणि च व्यतिक्रामन्राष्ट्राणि विविधानि च ॥१६॥

16. paśyanbahupaśūngrāmānramyānhṛdayatoṣaṇān ,
purāṇi ca vyatikrāmanrāṣṭrāṇi vividhāni ca.

16. paśyan bahupaśūn grāmān ramyān hṛdayatoṣaṇān
purāṇi ca vyatikrāman rāṣṭrāṇi vividhāni ca

16. Seeing villages rich in cattle, delightful and pleasing to the heart, and passing through various cities and kingdoms.

Words meanings summery:

• पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing, looking

• बहुपशून् (bahupaśūn) - having many cattle, rich in cattle

• ग्रामान् (grāmān) - villages

• रम्यान् (ramyān) - delightful, charming, beautiful

• हृदयतोषणान् (hṛdayatoṣaṇān) - pleasing to the heart, heart-gratifying

• पुराणि (purāṇi) - cities, towns

• च (ca) - and, also

• व्यतिक्रामन् (vyatikrāman) - passing through, traversing, going beyond

• राष्ट्राणि (rāṣṭrāṇi) - kingdoms, countries, realms

• विविधानि (vividhāni) - various, diverse, manifold

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

पश्यन् (paśyan) - seeing, looking

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, looking

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √dṛś (to see), present stem paśya, with the suffix -at. In the masculine singular nominative, it becomes paśyan.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject (e.g., Kṛṣṇa).

बहुपशून् (bahupaśūn) - having many cattle, rich in cattle

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahupaśu

bahupaśu - rich in cattle, having many cattle

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (bahu+paśu)

• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective
• paśu – cattle, animal, beast
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'grāmān'.

ग्रामान् (grāmān) - villages

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of grāma

grāma - village, community

रम्यान् (ramyān) - delightful, charming, beautiful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ramya

ramya - delightful, charming, beautiful, pleasant

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from the root √ram (to delight, enjoy), formed with the suffix -ya. Means 'to be delighted in' or 'delightful'.

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'grāmān'.

हृदयतोषणान् (hṛdayatoṣaṇān) - pleasing to the heart, heart-gratifying

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hṛdayatoṣaṇa

hṛdayatoṣaṇa - pleasing to the heart, gratifying the heart

Tatpurusha compound: hṛdaya (heart) + toṣaṇa (pleasing).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (hṛdaya+toṣaṇa)

• hṛdaya – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)
• toṣaṇa – pleasing, gratifying, satisfaction
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from the root √tuṣ (to be pleased, satisfied). Here used as a noun meaning 'the act of pleasing' or as an adjective meaning 'pleasing'.
  Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'grāmān'.

पुराणि (purāṇi) - cities, towns

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

व्यतिक्रामन् (vyatikrāman) - passing through, traversing, going beyond

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyatikrāmat

vyatikrāmat - passing over, traversing, transgressing

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √kram (to step, go) with upasargas vi and ati. Present stem kramati. Formed with the suffix -at. In the masculine singular nominative, it becomes vyatikrāman.

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject, acting concurrently with 'paśyan'.

राष्ट्राणि (rāṣṭrāṇi) - kingdoms, countries, realms

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, country, realm

विविधानि (vividhāni) - various, diverse, manifold

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse

Note: Modifies 'rāṣṭrāṇi'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)