महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-82, verse-3

जनमेजय उवाच ।
कथं प्रयातो दाशार्हो महात्मा मधुसूदनः ।
कानि वा व्रजतस्तस्य निमित्तानि महौजसः ॥३॥

3. janamejaya uvāca ,
kathaṁ prayāto dāśārho mahātmā madhusūdanaḥ ,
kāni vā vrajatastasya nimittāni mahaujasaḥ.

3. janamejaya uvāca katham prayātaḥ dāśārhaḥ mahātmā
madhusūdanaḥ kāni vā vrajataḥ tasya nimittāni mahaujasaḥ

3. Janamejaya said: How did the great-souled (ātman) Madhusūdana, belonging to the Dāśārha clan, depart? And what omens appeared to that greatly powerful one as he was leaving?

Words meanings summery:

• जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya (Janamejaya (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

• प्रयातः (prayātaḥ) - departed (gone forth, departed, proceeded)

• दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - (Krishna) belonging to the Dāśārha clan (descendant of Daśārha, belonging to the Dāśārha clan)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - the great-souled one (ātman) (great-souled, high-minded, noble, magnanimous)

• मधुसूदनः (madhusūdanaḥ) - the slayer of Madhu (Krishna) (slayer of the demon Madhu)

• कानि (kāni) - what (what (plural neuter))

• वा (vā) - and (or, and, like)

• व्रजतः (vrajataḥ) - of him who was going, as he was leaving (of him going, while going)

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him (his, of that, of him)

• निमित्तानि (nimittāni) - omens (signs, omens, causes, motives)

• महौजसः (mahaujasaḥ) - of that greatly powerful one (of great vigor, of great energy, of great splendor)

Words meanings and morphology

जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya (Janamejaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Name of a king, son of Parikshit, to whom the Mahābhārata was recited.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense form.

Root: vac (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

प्रयातः (prayātaḥ) - departed (gone forth, departed, proceeded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayāta

prayāta - gone forth, departed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yā (to go) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Used as a predicate adjective.

दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - (Krishna) belonging to the Dāśārha clan (descendant of Daśārha, belonging to the Dāśārha clan)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāśārha

dāśārha - descendant of Daśārha, member of the Dāśārha tribe

Note: One of Krishna's names.

महात्मा (mahātmā) - the great-souled one (ātman) (great-souled, high-minded, noble, magnanimous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous (ātman: soul, self)

Compound from mahā (great) and ātman (soul, self).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – soul, self, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `madhusūdanaḥ`.

मधुसूदनः (madhusūdanaḥ) - the slayer of Madhu (Krishna) (slayer of the demon Madhu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - destroyer of Madhu (a demon)

Agent noun/adjective

Compound from Madhu (name of a demon) and sūdana (destroyer).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – Madhu (name of a demon)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sūdana – destroyer, killer
  adjective
  Agent noun/adjective
  From root sūd (to destroy, kill).
  Root: sūd (class 10)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

कानि (kāni) - what (what (plural neuter))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of kim

kim - what, which, who

Interrogative pronoun/adjective.

Note: Agrees with `nimittāni`.

वा (vā) - and (or, and, like)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

व्रजतः (vrajataḥ) - of him who was going, as he was leaving (of him going, while going)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vrajat

vrajat - going, moving, proceeding

Present Active Participle

Derived from root vraj (to go, walk).

Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `tasya`.

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him (his, of that, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Possessive, refers to Krishna.

निमित्तानि (nimittāni) - omens (signs, omens, causes, motives)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of nimitta

nimitta - sign, omen, cause, motive, mark

Note: Subject of the implied verb (appeared).

महौजसः (mahaujasaḥ) - of that greatly powerful one (of great vigor, of great energy, of great splendor)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahāujas

mahāujas - of great power, vigor, energy, splendor

Compound from mahā (great) and ojas (power, splendor).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ojas)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ojas – power, strength, vigor, energy, splendor
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with `tasya`.