महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-82, verse-23

अभ्यतीत्य तु तत्सर्वमुवाच मधुसूदनः ।
युधिष्ठिरस्य कार्यार्थमिह वत्स्यामहे क्षपाम् ॥२३॥

23. abhyatītya tu tatsarvamuvāca madhusūdanaḥ ,
yudhiṣṭhirasya kāryārthamiha vatsyāmahe kṣapām.

23. abhyatītya tu tat sarvam uvāca madhusūdanaḥ
yudhiṣṭhirasya kāryārtham iha vatsyāmahe kṣapām

23. But Madhusūdana (Krishna), having completed all those preparations, said: "For the sake of Yudhiṣṭhira's mission, we shall stay here for the night."

Words meanings summery:

• अभ्यतीत्य (abhyatītya) - having completed (the preparations) (having passed over, having gone through, having completed)

• तु (tu) - but, moreover (but, and, indeed, moreover)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the preceding actions/preparations) (that, those)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (of that) (all, whole, entirely)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• मधुसूदनः (madhusūdanaḥ) - Krishna (Madhusūdana) (Madhusūdana (slayer of the demon Madhu, an epithet of Krishna))

• युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira

• कार्यार्थम् (kāryārtham) - for the sake of the mission (for the sake of the task, for the purpose of the business)

• इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, now)

• वत्स्यामहे (vatsyāmahe) - we shall stay (we shall dwell, we shall stay)

• क्षपाम् (kṣapām) - for the night (night)

Words meanings and morphology

अभ्यतीत्य (abhyatītya) - having completed (the preparations) (having passed over, having gone through, having completed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √i (to go) with upasargas abhi- and ati-. Formed with suffix -ya.

Prefixes: abhi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, moreover (but, and, indeed, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this action/statement to the preceding events.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the preceding actions/preparations) (that, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the whole preceding sequence of actions.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all (of that) (all, whole, entirely)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, entire; everything

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

From root √vac (to speak). Perfect tense 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

मधुसूदनः (madhusūdanaḥ) - Krishna (Madhusūdana) (Madhusūdana (slayer of the demon Madhu, an epithet of Krishna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - destroyer of Madhu, an epithet of Viṣṇu or Krishna.

Compound of Madhu (demon's name) + sūdana (destroyer).

Compound type : tatpurusha (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey, sweet; name of a demon
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – destroyer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root √sūd (to destroy, kill).
  Root: sūd (class 10)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle, name of the eldest Pandava brother.

Compound of yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm).

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle (locative of yudh)
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Possessive, modifying an implied 'kārya' (task).

कार्यार्थम् (kāryārtham) - for the sake of the mission (for the sake of the task, for the purpose of the business)

(indeclinable)

Compound of kārya (work, business) + artha (purpose, sake). Often used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpurusha (kārya+artha)

• kārya – to be done, duty, work, business
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'vatsyāmahe'.

वत्स्यामहे (vatsyāmahe) - we shall stay (we shall dwell, we shall stay)

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, future (lṛṭ) of vas

Future tense (Ātmanepada)

From root √vas (to dwell). Future tense 1st person plural Ātmanepada.

Root: vas (class 1)

क्षपाम् (kṣapām) - for the night (night)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṣapā

kṣapā - night

Root: kṣap (class 1)

Note: Indicates duration.