महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-82, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
प्रयान्तं देवकीपुत्रं परवीररुजो दश ।
महारथा महाबाहुमन्वयुः शस्त्रपाणयः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
prayāntaṁ devakīputraṁ paravīrarujo daśa ,
mahārathā mahābāhumanvayuḥ śastrapāṇayaḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca prayāntam devakīputram paravīrarujaḥ
daśa mahārathāḥ mahābāhum anvayuḥ śastrapāṇayaḥ

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: As Devakī's son, the mighty-armed one and tormentor of enemy heroes, was departing, ten great charioteers, with weapons in hand, followed him.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• प्रयान्तम् (prayāntam) - departing (departing, going forth, proceeding)

• देवकीपुत्रम् (devakīputram) - son of Devakī (Krishna) (son of Devakī)

• परवीररुजः (paravīrarujaḥ) - tormentor of enemy heroes

• दश (daśa) - ten

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers (great charioteers, mighty warriors)

• महाबाहुम् (mahābāhum) - the mighty-armed one (Krishna) (the mighty-armed one)

• अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they followed

• शस्त्रपाणयः (śastrapāṇayaḥ) - with weapons in hand

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a sage, a disciple of Vyasa

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense form.

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रयान्तम् (prayāntam) - departing (departing, going forth, proceeding)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prayāt

prayāt - one who is departing, proceeding

Present Active Participle

Derived from root yā (to go) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Participle, agreeing with `devakīputram`.

देवकीपुत्रम् (devakīputram) - son of Devakī (Krishna) (son of Devakī)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devakīputra

devakīputra - son of Devakī

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (devakī+putra)

• devakī – Devakī (mother of Krishna)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the verb `anvayuḥ`.

परवीररुजः (paravīrarujaḥ) - tormentor of enemy heroes

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paravīraruj

paravīraruj - one who breaks/torments enemy heroes

Agent noun/adjective from root ruj

Compound formed from para-vīra (enemy heroes) and ruj (to break, cause pain).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+vīra+ruj)

• para – other, enemy
  adjective
• vīra – hero, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• ruj – breaking, causing pain
  adjective
  Agent noun/adjective from root ruj
  Derived from root ruj (to break, to torment).
  Root: ruj (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `devakīputram`.

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with `mahārathāḥ`.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers (great charioteers, mighty warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting 10,000 archers

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (in a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `anvayuḥ`.

महाबाहुम् (mahābāhum) - the mighty-armed one (Krishna) (the mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - one with mighty arms, mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `devakīputram`.

अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they followed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of anu-i

Perfect tense form of root i (to go) with prefix anu.

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

Note: From `anu` + `i` (to go).

शस्त्रपाणयः (śastrapāṇayaḥ) - with weapons in hand

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śastrapāṇi

śastrapāṇi - having weapons in hand, armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śastra+pāṇi)

• śastra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes the charioteers.