महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-82, verse-14

तं किरन्ति महात्मानं वन्यैः पुष्पैः सुगन्धिभिः ।
स्त्रियः पथि समागम्य सर्वभूतहिते रतम् ॥१४॥

14. taṁ kiranti mahātmānaṁ vanyaiḥ puṣpaiḥ sugandhibhiḥ ,
striyaḥ pathi samāgamya sarvabhūtahite ratam.

14. tam kiranti mahātmānam vanyaiḥ puṣpaiḥ sugandhibhiḥ
striyaḥ pathi samāgamya sarvabhūtahite ratam

14. Having approached him on the path, women showered that great-souled one (mahātman), who was devoted to the welfare of all beings, with fragrant wild flowers.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that (one)

• किरन्ति (kiranti) - they shower, they scatter, they strew

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the great-souled one, the noble-minded one

• वन्यैः (vanyaiḥ) - with wild, with forest-born

• पुष्पैः (puṣpaiḥ) - with flowers

• सुगन्धिभिः (sugandhibhiḥ) - with fragrant, with sweet-smelling

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women, females

• पथि (pathi) - on the path, on the road

• समागम्य (samāgamya) - having approached, having met, having come together

• सर्वभूतहिते (sarvabhūtahite) - in the welfare of all beings, in the benefit of all creatures

• रतम् (ratam) - devoted, engrossed, delighted in

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that (one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Direct object of 'kiranti'.

किरन्ति (kiranti) - they shower, they scatter, they strew

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of kṛ

Present Active

Present tense form of the root kṛ (Class 6P, with śna vikara). 3rd person plural.

Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence, with 'striyaḥ' as its subject.

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the great-souled one, the noble-minded one

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, a great being (mahātman)

Bahuvrihi compound: mahat (great) + ātman (soul). Declines like an n-stem noun.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, mighty, extensive
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'tam'.

वन्यैः (vanyaiḥ) - with wild, with forest-born

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vanya

vanya - forest-born, wild, belonging to the forest

From vana (forest) with the suffix -ya.

Note: Qualifies 'puṣpaiḥ'.

पुष्पैः (puṣpaiḥ) - with flowers

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of puṣpa

puṣpa - flower, blossom

Note: Instrument of showering, along with 'sugandhibhiḥ'.

सुगन्धिभिः (sugandhibhiḥ) - with fragrant, with sweet-smelling

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sugandhi

sugandhi - fragrant, sweet-smelling, perfume

Compound of su (good) and gandha (smell). Declines like an i-stem adjective.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+gandha)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating goodness or excellence.
• gandha – smell, fragrance, odor
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'puṣpaiḥ'.

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women, females

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

Long ī-stem feminine noun.

Note: Subject of 'kiranti'.

पथि (pathi) - on the path, on the road

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way

Irregular n-stem declension, locative singular form.

Note: Indicates the location where the action takes place.

समागम्य (samāgamya) - having approached, having met, having come together

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From the root gam (to go) with prefixes sam and ā, and the suffix -ya (used when the root has a prefix).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb 'kiranti'.

सर्वभूतहिते (sarvabhūtahite) - in the welfare of all beings, in the benefit of all creatures

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sarvabhūtahita

sarvabhūtahita - welfare of all beings, benefit of all creatures

Tatpurusha compound: sarvabhūta (all beings) + hita (welfare/benefit).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarvabhūta+hita)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root bhū (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• hita – welfare, benefit, good, beneficial
  noun (neuter)
  Can be PPP of root dhā, or simply a noun meaning welfare. Here used as a noun.

Note: Governed by 'ratam', indicating the object of devotion.

रतम् (ratam) - devoted, engrossed, delighted in

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rata

rata - delighted, pleased, devoted, engrossed in

Past Passive Participle

From the root ram (to delight, to rest).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' and 'mahātmānam', takes locative for the object of devotion ('sarvabhūtahite').